This article argues that the transaction cost approach to the problem of organizing economic activities is undermined by a neglect of the consequences of the complexity of the interconnections among such activities and, in particular, of the complexity generated by conflict and divergent interests of the agents involved. With the increase of conflict, organizational equilibria cease to exist. Thus hierarchy is, in principle, not necessarily an efficiency increasing remedy to the existence of transaction costs but can be explained also as a way to provide temporary equilibria in the everlasting organizational conflict.

中文翻译：

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组织政治与复杂性：科斯与阿罗，三月和西蒙

本文认为，对经济活动组织问题的交易成本方法受到忽视，而忽略了这些活动之间的相互联系的复杂性，尤其是所涉主体的冲突和利益分歧所产生的复杂性。随着冲突的增加，组织均衡不再存在。因此，原则上讲，等级制度不一定是对交易成本存在的一种提高效率的补救措施，而是可以解释为在持久的组织冲突中提供暂时均衡的一种方式。