Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have claimed that financial speculators, by gambling on food prices via commodity derivative instruments, contributed to the global food crisis from 2007 to 2011. Commodity futures contracts began life as a form of agricultural insurance and were predominantly used to stabilize commodity prices. How did it then come about that these instruments were turned against agricultural production, leading to violations of the human right to adequate food? This article draws on the history of commodity futures trading to explore the claims of NGOs regarding the causal significance of speculation in the recent crisis. It finds that the financialization of futures markets in recent decades has created new channels of influence whereby activity in commodity derivatives markets can impact on underlying food prices. The implications for efforts to realize the human right to adequate food are elaborated in the final section.

中文翻译：

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赌博饥饿？充足的食品和商品衍生品交易权

非政府组织 (NGO) 声称，金融投机者通过商品衍生工具对食品价格进行赌博，导致了 2007 年至 2011 年的全球粮食危机。商品期货合约最初是作为一种农业保险形式出现的，主要用于稳定大宗商品价格。那么这些工具是如何反对农业生产的，从而导致对充足食物的人权的侵犯呢？本文借鉴商品期货交易的历史，探讨非政府组织关于投机在近期危机中的因果重要性的主张。研究发现，近几十年来期货市场的金融化创造了新的影响渠道，商品衍生品市场的活动由此可以影响基本食品价格。