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Polish Constitutional Tribunal Under PiS: From an Activist Court, to a Paralysed Tribunal, to a Governmental Enabler
Hague Journal on the Rule of Law ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2018-06-13 , DOI: 10.1007/s40803-018-0078-1
Wojciech Sadurski

After the electoral victories of 2015, PiS transformed the CT from an effective, counter-majoritarian device to scrutinise laws for their unconstitutionality, into a powerless institution paralysed by consecutive bills rendering it unable to review new PiS laws, and then into a positive supporter of the enhanced majoritarian powers. In a fundamental reversal of the traditional role of a constitutional court, it is now being used to protect the government from laws enacted long before PiS rule. Whatever else constitutional courts around the world are expected to do, there is no doubt that their first and primary function is to ensure adherence to a constitution and its protection against legislative majorities. In Poland, the Tribunal became a defender and protector of the legislative majority. This changed role, combined with general distrust of the CT and concerns about legitimacy of its judgments, explains also the extraordinary drop in the number of its judgments. For all practical purposes, the CT as a mechanism of constitutional review has ceased to exist: a reliable aide of the government and parliamentary majority has been born.

中文翻译:

PiS下的波兰宪法法庭:从激进法院到瘫痪法庭,再到政府推动者

在2015年大选胜利之后,PiS将CT从一种有效的,反霸权的手段转变为审查其违宪行为的法律,变成了一个无能为力的机构,被连续的法案瘫痪,使其无法审查新的PiS法律,然后成为了积极的支持者增强了的多数派力量。从根本上颠覆了宪法法院的传统角色,现在正使用它来保护政府免受PiS统治之前制定的法律的侵害。不管世界各地的宪法法院都有望做些什么,毫无疑问,它们的首要职能是确保遵守宪法及其对立法多数派的保护。在波兰,法庭成为了立法多数派的捍卫者和保护者。这个角色改变了 加上对CT的普遍不信任以及对CT判决合法性的担忧,这也解释了CT判决数量的巨大下降。实际上,作为宪法审查机制的《反恐条约》已经不复存在:政府和议会多数成员的可靠助手已经诞生。
更新日期:2018-06-13
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