The disproportional representation of students from various demographic subgroups within identified gifted and talented populations has long frustrated policy makers, education advocates, researchers practitioners within the field, and those concerned with societal inequality in general. Despite the prevalence of articles in the media reporting on disproportional representation, little research has been conducted to track whether (a) the representation of these student subgroups, particularly students with limited English proficiency or students with disabilities, has changed over time or (b) states with and without policies differ in proportional representation of students identified with gifts and talents. For example, increasingly, gifted education advocates have pushed for mandates that all students be screened for gifted program eligibility as a way to combat disproportionality, despite little evidence that such methods influence proportionality. Therefore, this study sought to understand whether and how state and national gifted program demographics have changed over time and how proportionality is correlated with state mandates for gifted education identification or services. A preprint of this paper as well as additional figures are available at: https://osf.io/325m9/.

中文翻译：

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谁接受资优教育？人口代表和行动呼吁

长期以来，来自不同人口子群体的学生在已确定的天才和有才华的人群中所占比例不成比例，这一直让政策制定者、教育倡导者、该领域的研究人员以及关注普遍社会不平等的人感到沮丧。尽管媒体报道了不成比例的代表性的文章盛行，但很少有研究追踪 (a) 这些学生子群体的代表性，尤其是英语能力有限的学生或残疾学生，是否随时间发生变化，或 (b)有和没有政策的州在被认定为有天赋和才能的学生的比例代表上有所不同。例如，越来越多，天才教育倡导者推动强制要求对所有学生进行天才计划资格审查，以此作为打击不成比例的一种方式，尽管几乎没有证据表明此类方法会影响成比例。因此，本研究试图了解州和国家天才计划人口统计数据是否以及如何随着时间的推移而发生变化，以及相称性如何与州对天才教育识别或服务的要求相关联。本文的预印本以及其他数据可从以下网址获得：https://osf.io/325m9/。这项研究试图了解州和国家天才计划人口统计数据是否以及如何随着时间的推移而发生变化，以及相称性如何与州对天才教育识别或服务的要求相关联。本文的预印本以及其他数据可从以下网址获得：https://osf.io/325m9/。这项研究试图了解州和国家天才计划人口统计数据是否以及如何随着时间的推移而发生变化，以及相称性如何与州对天才教育识别或服务的要求相关联。本文的预印本以及其他数据可从以下网址获得：https://osf.io/325m9/。