ABSTRACT Background Research suggests that negative peer interactions that compromise student safety and wellbeing often occur in spaces at school that are not easily visible, not adequately monitored, overcrowded and/or relatively unstructured. In a large online survey conducted in Swedish schools by the anti-bullying organisation, Friends, a small proportion of students indicated that they felt unsafe in the school canteen and responded to a question about why they felt unsafe there. As the canteen is often reported to be a space where negative peer interactions, such as harassment, bullying and other forms of school violence, occur, but little is known about why negative peer interactions occur there, we were particularly interested in exploring why some students perceived their school canteen to be an unsafe space. Purpose Taking a social-ecological perspective, our aim was to investigate why students reported feeling unsafe in the environment of the school canteen. Method In order to investigate this question, we analysed 1,547 responses from students in Swedish schools in grades 3–6 (ages 9–12). The responses were from the anti-bullying organisation Friends’ online questionnaires from 2011 to 2016. In the responses, students who indicated that they felt unsafe in the school canteen explained why they felt this way. Data were analysed qualitatively, using a six-step thematic approach. Findings The analysis identified four key themes: Space constraints, Time restrictions, The risk of social blunders and The negative actions of others. We discuss the findings in terms of the macrosystem, exosystem, mesosystem and microsystem. Conclusions In matters of student safety and wellbeing, we argue that it is not only important to consider the social context, but also how that context is interconnected with environmental and structural elements.

中文翻译：

---

安全空间？学生对学校食堂环境安全感知的社会生态视角

摘要 背景研究表明，危及学生安全和福祉的负面同伴互动经常发生在学校的空间中，这些空间不易被看到、没有得到充分监控、过度拥挤和/或相对非结构化。在反欺凌组织 Friends 对瑞典学校进行的一项大型在线调查中，一小部分学生表示他们在学校食堂感到不安全，并回答了他们为什么在那里感到不安全的问题。由于食堂经常被认为是发生骚扰、欺凌和其他形式的校园暴力等消极同伴互动的场所，但人们对那里发生消极同伴互动的原因知之甚少，因此我们特别感兴趣的是探索为什么有些学生认为他们的学校食堂是一个不安全的空间。目的 从社会生态的角度来看，我们的目的是调查为什么学生报告在学校食堂的环境中感到不安全。方法 为了调查这个问题，我们分析了瑞典学校 3-6 年级（9-12 岁）学生的 1,547 份回答。回答来自反欺凌组织Friends's Online Questions 2011-2016年。在回答中，表示在学校食堂感到不安全的学生解释了为什么会有这种感觉。使用六步专题方法对数据进行定性分析。结果 分析确定了四个关键主题：空间限制、时间限制、社交失误的风险和他人的消极行为。我们从宏观系统、外系统、中系统和微系统的角度讨论了这些发现。