Reference to gender in language can lead individuals to draw distinctions between genders and reinforce traditional views of gender roles. To test our hypothesis that language gender marking exerts an influence on the gender gap in financial inclusion, we draw on data for 117 countries in the World Bank's Global Findex database and perform logit estimations at the individual level. We find the gender gap in the probability of owning a formal account, having access to a formal credit, as well as having savings in a formal financial institution is higher for countries with gendered languages than for countries with genderless languages. These findings are confirmed in robustness checks that control for alternative measures of culture and estimations at the country level.

中文翻译：

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性别、语言和金融包容性*

在语言中提及性别会导致个人区分性别并强化对性别角色的传统观点。为了检验我们的假设，即语言性别标记对金融包容性中的性别差距产生影响，我们利用世界银行全球 Findex 数据库中 117 个国家的数据，并在个人层面进行 logit 估计。我们发现，在拥有正式账户、获得正式信贷以及在正式金融机构中储蓄的可能性方面，有性别语言的国家的性别差距高于无性别语言的国家。这些发现在稳健性检查中得到证实，该检查控制了国家层面的替代文化测量和估计。