This article aims to study the impact of fossil energy demand and freight transportation on carbon emissions for Middle Eastern and North African countries over 2000–2018. To estimate the possible relationships, we used the GMM estimators. Furthermore, the Dumitrescu–Hurlin panel causality test was applied to analyze the causality between the variables. The results prove that the effects of freight transport and energy consumption on CO₂ emissions, then on environmental degradation, are positive and significant for both global and sub-panels. Also, we found that the carbon emissions are driven by growth, urbanization, trade openness and financial development. These findings justify the rapid emergence of new concepts such as sustainable development, sustainable transport and energy efficiency considered as helpful policies to effectively resist the serious environmental degradation.

本文旨在研究化石能源需求和货运对中东和北非国家 2000-2018 年碳排放的影响。为了估计可能的关系，我们使用了 GMM 估计量。此外，应用 Dumitrescu-Hurlin 面板因果关系检验来分析变量之间的因果关系。结果证明，货物运输和能源消耗对 CO _{2 的影响}排放，然后是环境退化，对全球和子小组都是积极的和重要的。此外，我们发现碳排放是由增长、城市化、贸易开放和金融发展驱动的。这些发现证明了可持续发展、可持续交通和能源效率等新概念的迅速出现被认为是有效抵御严重环境退化的有用政策。