The present study aimed to predict responsiveness to a sustained two‐phase reading and spelling intervention with a focus on declarative and procedural learning respectively in 122 second‐grade Dutch children with dyslexia. We related their responsiveness to intervention to precursor measures (phonological awareness, rapid automatized naming ability, letter knowledge, and verbal working memory) and related word and pseudoword reading and spelling outcomes of the sustained intervention to initial reading and spelling abilities, and first‐phase, initial treatment success. Results showed that children with dyslexia improved in reading accuracy and efficiency and in spelling skills during the two phases of the intervention although the gap with typical readers increased. In reading efficiency, rapid automatized naming, and in reading and spelling accuracy phoneme deletion predicted children's responsiveness to intervention. Additionally, children's initial reading abilities at the start of the intervention directly (and indirectly, via initial treatment success, in reading efficiency) predicted posttest outcomes. Responsiveness to intervention in spelling was predicted by phoneme deletion, and spelling at posttest was indirectly, via initial treatment success, predicted by children's initial spelling abilities. Finally, children's initial treatment success directly predicted reading efficiency and spelling outcomes at posttest.

中文翻译：

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预测阅读障碍儿童对持续阅读和拼写干预的反应

本研究旨在预测122名二级荷兰阅读障碍儿童对持续性两阶段阅读和拼写干预的反应性，重点分别是声明式和程序学习。我们将其对干预的反应与先验措施（语音意识，快速的自动命名能力，字母知识和口头工作记忆）相关联，并将持续干预的相关单词和伪单词阅读和拼写结果与初始阅读和拼写能力以及第一阶段相关联，初步治疗成功。结果表明，阅读障碍的儿童在干预的两个阶段中均提高了阅读准确性，效率和拼写技巧，尽管与典型读者的差距有所增加。在阅读效率方面，快速自动命名 在阅读和拼写准确性方面，音素删除可以预测儿童对干预的反应。此外，儿童在干预开始时的初始阅读能力直接（或通过初始治疗的成功，间接地通过阅读效率间接地）预测了测验后的结果。通过音素删除来预测对拼写干预的响应性，而在测试后的拼写是通过最初的治疗成功而间接地通过儿童的初始拼写能力来预测的。最后，儿童的初始治疗成功直接预测了测验后的阅读效率和拼写结果。阅读效率）预测的测验结果。通过音素删除来预测对拼写干预的响应性，而在测试后的拼写是通过最初的治疗成功而间接地通过儿童的初始拼写能力来预测的。最后，儿童的初始治疗成功直接预测了测验后的阅读效率和拼写结果。阅读效率）预测的测验结果。通过音素删除来预测对拼写干预的响应性，而在测试后的拼写是通过最初的治疗成功而间接地通过儿童的初始拼写能力来预测的。最后，儿童的初始治疗成功直接预测了测验后的阅读效率和拼写结果。