Abstract

The human ability to anticipate upcoming behavior not only enables smooth turn transitions but also makes early responses possible, as respondents use a variety of cues that provide for early projection of the type of action that is being performed. This article examines resources for projection in interaction in three unrelated languages—Finnish, Japanese, and Mandarin—in sequences where speakers make evaluative assertions on a topic. The focus is on independently agreeing responses initiated in early overlap. Our cross-linguistic analysis reveals that while projection based on the ongoing turn-constructional unit relies on language-specific grammatical constructions, projection based on the larger context seems to be less language-dependent. A crucial finding is that in the target sequences, stances taken toward the topic already during earlier talk, as well as other structural patterns, are among the resources that recipients use for projecting how and when the ongoing turn will end.

摘要

人类预测即将发生的行为的能力不仅可以实现平稳的转弯过渡，而且还可以使早期响应成为可能，因为受访者使用各种线索来提供正在执行的动作类型的早期预测。本文研究了三种互不相关的语言（芬兰语、日语和普通话）的互动投射资源，顺序是说话者对某个主题做出评价性断言。重点是在早期重叠中发起的独立同意的响应。我们的跨语言分析表明，虽然基于正在进行的转向结构单元的投影依赖于特定于语言的语法结构，但基于更大上下文的投影似乎不太依赖于语言。一个重要的发现是，在目标序列中，