We compare two reforms aimed at reducing road accidents in Italy. The Penalty Points System (PPS) provides drivers with a score and curtails points after infractions. The license is temporarily suspended when points are exhausted. Losing points is easy, but the penalty is mild. The Road Homicide (RH) introduces heavy penalties in the rare event of injuries and/or fatalities. In terms of probability and intensity of the penalty the two policies are therefore diametrically opposed. We find that injuries and fatalities decrease more with PPS than with RH. Comparing costs and benefits, we conclude that strong penalties are not beneficial. (JEL D91, K14, K42, R41)

中文翻译：

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要点还是监狱？不同制裁措施对驾驶行为的影响

我们比较了旨在减少意大利道路交通事故的两项改革。罚分系统（PPS）为驾驶员提供分数并在违规后减少分数。积分耗尽后，许可证将暂时暂停。损失点很容易，但是罚款是轻微的。在罕见的伤害和/或死亡事件中，道路凶杀案（RH）会加重处罚。因此，就惩罚的可能性和强度而言，这两种政策是截然相反的。我们发现，与RH相比，PPS的伤害和死亡减少更多。比较成本和收益，我们得出结论认为，严厉的惩罚是没有好处的。（ JEL D91，K14，K42，R41）