This paper examines the extent to which sectoral trends and fluctuations in the Australian economy can be understood using international trade theory and knowledge of key policy developments. It suggests they are consistent with theory, but it also reveals several features that make Australia's economy unusual. The most striking are the facts that (1) the agricultural sector's share of GDP remained fairly constant rather than falling during 1860-1960 and even during the latest mining boom; and (2) the farm sector continued to enjoy a strong comparative advantage despite periodic spurts of growth in mining exports.

中文翻译：

---

澳大利亚经济增长的行业趋势和冲击

本文利用国际贸易理论和关键政策发展的知识，研究了澳大利亚经济的部门趋势和波动在多大程度上可以被理解。这表明它们与理论一致，但也揭示了使澳大利亚经济与众不同的几个特征。最引人注目的事实是：(1) 农业部门占 GDP 的份额在 1860-1960 年甚至最近的矿业繁荣期间保持相当稳定而不是下降；(2) 尽管矿业出口出现周期性增长，但农业部门继续享有强大的比较优势。