The papers in the Special Issue of Asia Pacific Education Review were initially presented at the 2018 International Conference on Education Research (ICER) held at Seoul National University. The conference brought together leading scholars from around the world to consider issues of democracy, development and social justice in education. The robust discussions that followed demonstrated again how these concepts remain pertinent to educational policy and practice, but equally, they are highly contested. In a world that is increasingly globally interconnected and interdependent, it is clear that new ways of thinking about these concepts and the issues they raise are needed. In an era in which the assumptions of colonialism are no longer accepted, it is important to consider how these assumptions continue to shape our thinking about issues of democracy, development and social justice in education, and how they might be abandoned and displaced culturally, epistemically and politically. The question of how the idea of development, for example, might be re-imagined in decolonial terms is especially important in education to assess and create the possibilities of reform and to overcome the obstacles that are inherent in attempts to translate them into effective practice. These attempts invariably involve not only technical solutions but more fundamentally issues of ethics and politics. The papers in this Special Issue are arranged in four overlapping categories. In Section 1, a range of conceptual issues concerning the notions of democracy, development and social justice are examined. The first paper, by Hyo-Je Cho, invites us to rethink the ideas of democracy and human rights on the 70th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. In the next paper building upon her extensive work on the human capabilities’ paradigm, Melanie Walker interrogates the complex relationship between the notions of epistemic justice and democracy in education. The next paper, by Shelden Shaeffer, focuses on the notion of inclusive education and its fundamental importance for conceptualizing social justice. And, finally, in this section, William C. Smith and Aaron Benavot employ their extensive knowledge of global monitoring mechanisms to put forward a strong argument about the importance of accountability in open democratic societies. The second section in this Special Issue includes two papers that re-examine and re-imagine the idea of development and its complex relationship to education, particularly against the backdrop of UNESCO’s Sustainable Development Goals. Basing their analysis on the works of Goulet, Sen and Freire, Sung Sang Yoo and his colleagues attempt to re-imagine the idea of development in terms of its intrinsic relationship to education, and the role that education must play in working towards the goal of social justice. In the next paper, Leon Tikly draws our attention to the innovative conceptual thinking currently taking place in Africa, around attempts by its educational systems to better understand its ‘postcolonial’ condition and to work towards an agenda of decolonizing education through transformative sustainable development. The next four papers in Section 3 explore the complex and dynamic links across global, regional, national and local politics in education. Myanmar is the focus of two of these papers, one by Moon Suk Hong and Hani Kim and the other by Thein Lwin. Hong and Kim examine the historical significance of student activism in contemporary Myanmar, in attempts to democratize the nation’s educational and political institutions. It put forward a strong argument about the importance of building democracy in higher education institutions in Myanmar and beyond. The focus of Thein Lwin’s paper is much broader. From a civil society perspective, it discusses the complex relationship among justice, national education and local realities in Myanmar. In the next paper, Sun Kim and Dong-Joon Jung address the ways in which it * Fazal Rizvi frizvi@unimelb.edu.au

中文翻译：

---

重新思考教育中的民主，发展和社会正义：联系全球，国家和地方挑战

《亚太教育评论特刊》上的论文最初在首尔国立大学举行的2018年国际教育研究会议（ICER）上发表。这次会议汇集了来自世界各地的著名学者，以审议教育中的民主，发展和社会正义问题。随后进行的激烈讨论再次证明了这些概念如何仍然与教育政策和实践相关，但同样，它们也遭到了激烈的争论。在一个全球性日益相互联系和相互依存的世界中，很明显，需要新的方式来思考这些概念及其提出的问题。在一个不再接受殖民主义假设的时代，重要的是要考虑这些假设如何继续塑造我们对教育中的民主，发展和社会正义问题的思考，以及如何在文化，认识论和政治上抛弃和取代它们。例如，如何以非殖民主义的方式重新构想发展理念的问题在教育中尤其重要，它可以评估和创造改革的可能性，并克服将其转化为有效实践的内在障碍。这些尝试不仅涉及技术解决方案，而且从根本上涉及道德和政治问题。本期特刊中的论文分为四个重叠的类别。在第1节中，研究了有关民主，发展和社会正义概念的一系列概念性问题。Cho Hyo-Je Cho撰写的第一篇论文邀请我们在《世界人权宣言》 70周年之际重新考虑民主与人权的观念。在下一篇论文中，梅兰妮·沃克（Melanie Walker）在她关于人的能力范式的广泛研究的基础上，对认识论正义与教育民主之间复杂的关系进行了质询。Shelden Shaeffer撰写的下一篇论文着重于全纳教育的概念及其对概念化社会正义的基本重要性。最后，在本节中，威廉·史密斯（William C. Smith）和亚伦·贝纳沃特（Aaron Benavot）利用他们对全球监测机制的广泛了解，就开放式民主社会中问责制的重要性提出了强有力的论据。本期特刊的第二部分包括两篇论文，这些论文重新审视和重新构想了发展理念及其与教育的复杂关系，特别是在教科文组织的可持续发展目标的背景下。Sung Sang Yoo及其同事根据Goulet，Sen和Freire的著作进行分析，试图从发展与教育的内在联系以及教育在实现教育目标中必须发挥的作用来重新构想发展观念。社会正义。在下一篇文章中，莱昂·提克里（Leon Tikly）提请我们注意非洲目前正在发生的创新性概念思维，围绕其教育系统试图更好地理解其“后殖民”状况并努力通过变革性可持续发展实现非殖民化教育议程的努力。第三部分的后四篇论文探讨了全球，地区，国家和地方教育政治之间的复杂而动态的联系。缅甸是其中两篇论文的重点，一篇是文淑红和Hani Kim，另一篇是Thein Lwin。洪和金探讨了当代缅甸学生行动主义的历史意义，试图使该国的教育和政治机构民主化。它对在缅甸及其他地区的高等教育机构中建立民主的重要性提出了强有力的论据。Thein Lwin的论文重点更加广泛。它从民间社会的角度讨论了缅甸司法，国民教育与当地现实之间的复杂关系。在下一篇论文中，Sun Kim和Dong-Joon Jung阐述了它的方式* Fazal Rizvi frizvi@unimelb.edu.au 国家和地方政治教育。其中两篇论文的重点是缅甸，一篇是文淑红和Hani Kim的，另一篇是Thein Lwin的。洪和金探讨了当代缅甸学生行动主义的历史意义，试图使该国的教育和政治机构民主化。它对在缅甸及其他地区的高等教育机构中建立民主的重要性提出了强有力的论据。Thein Lwin的论文重点更加广泛。它从民间社会的角度讨论了缅甸司法，国民教育与当地现实之间的复杂关系。在下一篇论文中，Sun Kim和Dong-Joon Jung阐述了它的方式* Fazal Rizvi frizvi@unimelb.edu.au 国家和地方政治教育。缅甸是其中两篇论文的重点，一篇是文淑红和Hani Kim，另一篇是Thein Lwin。洪和金探讨了当代缅甸学生行动主义的历史意义，试图使该国的教育和政治机构民主化。它对在缅甸及其他地区的高等教育机构中建立民主的重要性提出了强有力的论据。Thein Lwin的论文重点更加广泛。它从民间社会的角度讨论了缅甸司法，国民教育与当地现实之间的复杂关系。在下一篇论文中，Sun Kim和Dong-Joon Jung阐述了它的方式* Fazal Rizvi frizvi@unimelb.edu.au 一个是文淑红和Hani Kim，另一个是Thein Lwin。洪和金探讨了当代缅甸学生行动主义的历史意义，试图使该国的教育和政治机构民主化。它对在缅甸及其他地区的高等教育机构中建立民主的重要性提出了强有力的论据。Thein Lwin的论文重点更加广泛。它从民间社会的角度讨论了缅甸司法，国民教育与当地现实之间的复杂关系。在下一篇论文中，Sun Kim和Dong-Joon Jung阐述了* Fazal Rizvi frizvi@unimelb.edu.au的方式。一个是文淑红和Hani Kim，另一个是Thein Lwin。洪和金探讨了当代缅甸学生行动主义的历史意义，试图使该国的教育和政治机构民主化。它对在缅甸及其他地区的高等教育机构中建立民主的重要性提出了强有力的论据。Thein Lwin的论文重点更加广泛。它从民间社会的角度讨论了缅甸司法，国民教育与当地现实之间的复杂关系。在下一篇论文中，Sun Kim和Dong-Joon Jung阐述了它的方式* Fazal Rizvi frizvi@unimelb.edu.au 试图使国家的教育和政治机构民主化。它对在缅甸及其他地区的高等教育机构中建立民主的重要性提出了强有力的论据。Thein Lwin的论文重点更加广泛。它从民间社会的角度讨论了缅甸司法，国民教育与当地现实之间的复杂关系。在下一篇论文中，Sun Kim和Dong-Joon Jung阐述了它的方式* Fazal Rizvi frizvi@unimelb.edu.au 试图使国家的教育和政治机构民主化。它对在缅甸及其他地区的高等教育机构中建立民主的重要性提出了强有力的论据。Thein Lwin的论文重点更加广泛。它从民间社会的角度讨论了缅甸司法，国民教育与当地现实之间的复杂关系。在下一篇论文中，Sun Kim和Dong-Joon Jung阐述了* Fazal Rizvi frizvi@unimelb.edu.au的方式。