The practice of rational debate between philosophers from different traditions, especially between Hindu—Naiyāyika and Mīmāṃsaka—, Buddhist and Jain philosophers, is unique in classical India. Around the 7th c., a pan-Indian consensus was achieved on what counts as a satisfactory justification. The core of such discussions is an inferential reasoning whose structure is such that it ensures that its conclusions are recognised as knowledge statements, irrespective of the obedience of the interlocutor. In this line, stories of conversion following those philosophical debates are commonplace in the narratives of the different traditions and regularly involve the conversion of a royal patron. Beside the influence of argumentative practices on social and political changes, theories of argumentation have deeply influenced the whole edifice of philosophy in pre modern India, since no philosopher can claim a thesis without being committed to defend it in this highly regulated dialogical framework. Moreover, the characterisation, as well as the methods to test the validity of this justification, raised the question of the existence of shared principles and was a battlefield for the different traditions to establish their own conceptions on the constitution of the world and on our ability to know it. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the contribution of the minority tradition that is Jainism to the framework of philosophical disputation in India.

中文翻译：

---

古典印度辩论厅里的耆那教哲学家

来自不同传统的哲学家之间的理性辩论实践，尤其是印度教——奈亚伊卡和 Mīmāṃsaka——、佛教和耆那教哲学家之间的理性辩论，在古典印度是独一无二的。大约在公元 7 世纪左右，泛印度人就什么才是令人满意的理由达成了共识。这种讨论的核心是推理推理，其结构确保其结论被认为是知识陈述，而不管对话者是否服从。在这一行中，这些哲学辩论之后的皈依故事在不同传统的叙述中司空见惯，并且经常涉及皇室赞助人的皈依。除了争论实践对社会和政治变革的影响之外，论证理论深深地影响了前现代印度的整个哲学大厦，因为在这个高度规范的对话框架中，没有哲学家可以声称自己的论点而不致力于捍卫它。此外，描述以及检验这种辩护有效性的方法提出了共同原则是否存在的问题，并且是不同传统建立自己关于世界构成和我们的能力的概念的战场。知道它。本文的目的是概述耆那教这一少数民族传统对印度哲学争论框架的贡献。这种描述以及检验这种论证有效性的方法提出了共同原则是否存在的问题，并且是不同传统建立自己关于世界构成和我们的认识能力的概念的战场。它。本文的目的是概述耆那教这一少数民族传统对印度哲学争论框架的贡献。这种描述以及检验这种论证有效性的方法提出了共同原则是否存在的问题，并且是不同传统建立自己关于世界构成和我们的认识能力的概念的战场。它。本文的目的是概述耆那教这一少数民族传统对印度哲学争论框架的贡献。