Would you volunteer to pay a carbon tax if 99% of other Americans also volunteered to pay such a tax? Instead of traditional referenda, it is possible to structure plebiscites which would only bind a subset of the population (e.g., to be subject to a carbon tax) if that subset’s individually chosen conditions for participation are met. While provision-point mechanisms with exogenously set provision points have garnered billions of dollars in private contributions, a broader class of “social contracting” mechanisms exist that allow individuals to bid on their preferred provision points. This article shows how both partial and probabilistic bidding schemes might foster voluntary subpopulation participation in a range of public good applications (including sexual assault reporting and civil disobedience), and reports results from a series of randomized surveys of Internet respondents assessing the potential support for such subgroup “social contracting.” The respondent bids would, for example, support an equilibrium in which approximately 25% of the public would voluntarily commit to pay an additional 10% tax on electricity.

中文翻译：

---

自愿征税及其他：社会契约投票机制的承诺

如果99％的其他美国人也自愿缴纳碳税，您愿意自愿缴纳碳税吗？代替传统的公民投票，有可能构建全民投票，如果满足该子集的个人选择参与条件，则该公民投票只能约束该子集的一部分（例如，要征收碳税）。虽然具有外部设置的准备点的准备点机制已经获得了数十亿美元的私人捐款，但存在着更广泛的一类“社会契约”机制，可以使个人对自己喜欢的准备点进行投标。本文说明部分竞标和概率竞标方案如何在一系列公共物品申请（包括性侵犯报告和公民抗命）中促进自愿的子群体参与，并报告了一系列针对互联网受访者的随机调查结果，评估了对此类“社会契约”子群体的潜在支持。例如，响应者的投标将支持一种平衡，即大约25％的公众将自愿承诺额外支付10％的电费。