Scintillator-based Compton cameras, which comprise of a separated scatter and absorption detectors, neglect the Compton scattering that is followed by a photoelectric effect in a single set of scintillators, wherein the detection efficiency is severely limited. In this study, we propose a 3-D position-sensitive Compton camera that uses a single set of scintillators, wherein radiation interactions inside the scintillator can be discriminated. The proposed Compton camera comprises a segmented lutetium–yttrium oxyorthosilicate scintillator coupled with two position-sensitive silicon photomultipliers on both sides. Compton image reconstruction algorithms, such as simple back-projection, list-mode maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM), and filtered back-projection, were applied and compared. The single position-sensitive Compton camera identified the positions of multiple radiation sources with various energies in a $4\pi $ field of view. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of a reconstructed 511-keV point source were approximately 12° and 22°, respectively, after MLEM was applied, and the two 511-keV sources with an angle difference of 40° were separately reconstructed. The intrinsic efficiency of the proposed Compton camera was $2.23\times 10^{-2}$ for 511 keV.

中文翻译：

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基于单分段闪烁体的位置敏感4p康普顿相机的研制

基于闪烁体的康普顿相机由分离的散射和吸收检测器组成，忽略了在单组闪烁体中伴随光电效应的康普顿散射，其中检测效率受到严重限制。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种使用一组闪烁体的 3-D 位置敏感康普顿相机，其中可以区分闪烁体内部的辐射相互作用。提议的康普顿相机包括一个分段的镥-钇氧正硅酸盐闪烁体，两侧有两个位置敏感的硅光电倍增管。应用和比较了康普顿图像重建算法，例如简单的反投影、列表模式最大似然期望最大化 (MLEM) 和滤波反投影。单个位置敏感康普顿相机在 $4\pi $ 视野中识别具有不同能量的多个辐射源的位置。应用 MLEM 后，重建的 511-keV 点源的信噪比 (SNR) 和半高宽 (FWHM) 分别约为 12°和 22°，两个 511-keV角度差为 40°的源分别重建。对于 511 keV，所提议的康普顿相机的内在效率为 $2.23\times 10^{-2}$。并分别重建了角度差为40°的两个511-keV源。对于 511 keV，所提议的康普顿相机的内在效率为 $2.23\times 10^{-2}$。并分别重建了角度差为40°的两个511-keV源。对于 511 keV，所提议的康普顿相机的内在效率为 $2.23\times 10^{-2}$。