Virtually, all electronic systems try to optimize a fundamental tradeoff between higher performance and lower power consumption. The latter becomes critical in mobile computing systems, such as smartphones, which rely on passive cooling. Otherwise, the heat concentrated in a small area drives both the junction and skin temperatures up. High junction temperatures degrade the reliability, while skin temperature deteriorates the user experience. Therefore, there is a strong need for a formal analysis of power consumption-temperature dynamics and predictive thermal management algorithms. This article presents a theoretical power–temperature analysis of multiprocessor systems that are modeled as multi-input multi-output dynamic systems. We analyze the conditions under which the system converges to a stable steady-state temperature. Then, we use these models to design a control algorithm that manages the temperature of the system without affecting the performance of the application. Experiments on the Odroid-XU3 board show that the control algorithm is able to regulate the temperature with a minimal loss in performance compared with the default thermal governors.

中文翻译：

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异构多处理器功率-温度动力学的分析与控制

实际上，所有电子系统都试图在更高性能和更低功耗之间进行基本权衡。后者在依赖被动冷却的移动计算系统（例如智能手机）中变得至关重要。否则，集中在小范围内的热量会使结点和皮肤温度升高。较高的结温会降低可靠性，而皮肤温度则会降低用户体验。因此，非常需要对功耗，温度动态和预测性热管理算法进行形式化分析。本文介绍了建模为多输入多输出动态系统的多处理器系统的理论功率-温度分析。我们分析了系统收敛到稳定稳态温度的条件。然后，我们使用这些模型来设计一种控制算法，该算法可以在不影响应用程序性能的情况下管理系统的温度。在Odroid-XU3板上进行的实验表明，与默认的温度调节器相比，该控制算法能够以最小的性能损失来调节温度。