Turbulence and gusts cause variations in the aerodynamic forces and moments applied to the structure of aircraft, resulting in passenger discomfort and dynamic loads on the structure that it must be designed to support. By designing Gust Load Alleviation (GLA) systems, two objectives can be achieved: first, realizing higher passenger comfort; and second, reducing the dynamic structural loads, which allows the design of lighter structures. In this paper, a methodology for designing combined feedback/feedforward GLA systems is proposed. The methodology relies on the availability of a wind profile ahead of the aircraft measured by a Doppler LIDAR sensor, and is based on $H_{\infty}$-optimal control techniques and a discrete-time preview-control problem formulation. Moreover, to allow design trade-offs between those two objectives (to achieve design flexibility) as well as to allow specification of robustness criteria, a variant of the problem using multi-channel $H_{\infty}$-optimal control techniques is introduced. The methodology developed in this paper is intended to be applied to large aircraft, e.g. transport aircraft or business jets. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed design methodology in accounting for the measured wind profile to achieve the two mentioned objectives, while ensuring both design flexibility and controller robustness and optimality.

中文翻译：

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使用离散时间预览控制的柔性飞机阵风载荷缓解

湍流和阵风会导致施加到飞机结构上的空气动力和力矩发生变化，从而导致乘客不适和结构上的动态载荷，而这些结构必须被设计为支撑。通过设计阵风载荷缓解 (GLA) 系统，可以实现两个目标：第一，实现更高的乘客舒适度；其次，减少动态结构载荷，允许设计更轻的结构。在本文中，提出了一种设计组合反馈/前馈 GLA 系统的方法。该方法依赖于多普勒激光雷达传感器测量的飞机前方风廓线的可用性，并基于$H_{\infty}$- 最优控制技术和离散时间预览控制问题公式。此外，为了允许在这两个目标之间进行设计权衡（以实现设计灵活性）以及允许规范稳健性标准，使用多通道问题的变体$H_{\infty}$- 引入了最优控制技术。本文开发的方法旨在应用于大型飞机，例如运输机或公务机。仿真结果表明所提出的设计方法在考虑测量风廓线以实现上述两个目标方面的有效性，同时确保设计灵活性和控制器鲁棒性和最优性。