Objective:Stress is a risk factor for numerous negative health outcomes, including cognitive impairment in late-life. The negative association between stress and cognition may be mediated by depressive symptoms, which separate studies have identified as both a consequence of perceived stress and a risk factor for cognitive decline. Pathways linking perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and cognition may be moderated by sociodemographics and psychosocial resources. The goal of this cross-sectional study was to identify modifying factors and enhance understanding of the mechanisms underlying the stress–cognition association in a racially and ethnically diverse sample of older adults.Method:A linear regression estimated the association between perceived stress and episodic memory in 578 older adults (Mage = 74.58) in the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project. Subsequent models tested whether depressive symptoms mediated the stress–memory relationship and whether sociodemographics (gender, race, and ethnicity) or perceived control moderated these pathways.Results:Independent of sociodemographics and chronic diseases, greater perceived stress was associated with worse episodic memory. This relationship was mediated by more depressive symptoms. Higher perceived control buffered the association between stress and depressive symptoms. There was no significant moderation by gender, race, or ethnicity.Conclusion:Depressive symptoms may play a role in the negative association between perceived stress and cognition among older adults; however, longitudinal analyses and studies using experimental designs are needed. Perceived control is a modifiable psychological resource that may offset the negative impact of stress.

中文翻译：

---

不同老年人感知压力与情景记忆之间关联的中介和调节因素

目的：压力是许多负面健康结果的风险因素，包括晚年的认知障碍。压力与认知之间的负相关可能是由抑郁症状介导的，单独的研究已将其确定为感知压力的结果和认知下降的危险因素。将感知压力、抑郁症状和认知联系起来的途径可能会受到社会人口学和心理社会资源的影响。这项横断面研究的目的是确定改变因素，并加强对种族和种族多样化的老年人样本中压力-认知关联背后机制的理解。方法：线性回归估计感知压力和情景记忆之间的关联在 578 名老年人中 (米年龄= 74.58) 在华盛顿高地-英伍德哥伦比亚老龄化项目中。随后的模型测试了抑郁症状是否介导了压力-记忆关系，以及社会人口统计学（性别、种族和民族）或感知控制是否调节了这些途径。结果：独立于社会人口统计学和慢性疾病，更大的感知压力与更差的情景记忆相关。这种关系是由更多的抑郁症状介导的。更高的感知控制缓冲了压力和抑郁症状之间的关联。性别、种族或民族没有显着缓和。结论：抑郁症状可能在老年人感知压力与认知之间的负相关中起作用；但是，需要使用实验设计进行纵向分析和研究。