Vegetables are an important source for the essential vitamins and minerals that are necessary for optimal health. This research investigated changes in vegetable intake over time in the Korean population from 1998 to 2017, focusing on preparation methods of vegetables and location of consumption. This cross-sectional study is based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) that was established in 1998 to assess the health and nutritional status of the South Korean population. This research utilised information from 1998 to 2017 which is the extent of all available KNHANES data. Vegetable consumption was grouped, according to preparation methods and common eating locations. Both crude and age-standardised means of vegetable intake were derived via a 24-h dietary recall. All participants who completed a 24-h dietary recall survey were selected for the analyses. This included 109 220 individuals (49 069 men and 60 151 women) over the course of 20 years of the KNHANES. Total vegetable intake decreased over time (Pfor trends < 0·001), specifically, steamed and salted vegetables (Pfor trends < 0·001). In contrast, Koreans consumed noticeably more raw vegetables from 1998 to 2017 (Pfor trends < 0·001). Vegetable intake at home significantly declined (Pfor trends < 0·001), while that eaten at restaurants or outside the home increased greatly (Pfor trends < 0·001). Over 20 years, Koreans have ingested decreasing amounts of vegetables, but the intake of raw vegetables has escalated. However, the location of vegetable consumption has changed, with an increase at both restaurants and outside the home (approximately 70·0 %).

中文翻译：

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1998年至2017年韩国人口蔬菜消费量20年趋势

蔬菜是最佳健康所必需的基本维生素和矿物质的重要来源。本研究调查了 1998 年至 2017 年韩国人口中蔬菜摄入量随时间的变化，重点关注蔬菜的制备方法和食用地点。这项横断面研究基于 1998 年建立的韩国国家健康和营养调查 (KNHANES)，旨在评估韩国人口的健康和营养状况。这项研究利用了 1998 年至 2017 年的信息，这是所有可用 KNHANES 数据的范围。根据制备方法和常见的饮食地点，蔬菜消费被分组。粗略和年龄标准化的蔬菜摄入量均通过 24 小时膳食回忆得出。选择完成 24 小时饮食回忆调查的所有参与者进行分析。这包括在 KNHANES 20 年间的 109 220 人（49 069 名男性和 60 151 名女性）。总蔬菜摄入量随着时间的推移而减少（磷趋势< 0·001), 具体来说, 蒸腌蔬菜 (磷趋势< 0·001)。相比之下，从 1998 年到 2017 年，韩国人消费的生蔬菜明显更多（磷趋势< 0·001)。家庭蔬菜摄入量显着下降（磷趋势< 0·001), 而在餐厅或户外就餐的人数大幅增加 (磷趋势< 0·001)。20 多年来，韩国人摄入的蔬菜量越来越少，但生蔬菜的摄入量却在增加。然而，蔬菜消费的地点发生了变化，餐馆和家庭外的蔬菜消费都有所增加（约 70·0 %）。