Animal-derived dietary protein ingestion and physical activity stimulate myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in older adults. We determined whether a non-animal-derived diet can support daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates to the same extent as an omnivorous diet. Nineteen healthy older adults (aged 66 (sem 1) years; BMI 24 (sem 1) kg/m2; twelve males, seven females) participated in a randomised, parallel-group, controlled trial during which they consumed a 3-d isoenergetic high-protein (1·8 g/kg body mass per d) diet, where the protein was provided from predominantly (71 %) animal (OMNI; n 9; six males, three females) or exclusively vegan (VEG; n 10; six males, four females; mycoprotein providing 57 % of daily protein intake) sources. During the dietary control period, participants conducted a daily bout of unilateral resistance-type leg extension exercise. Before the dietary control period, participants ingested 400 ml of deuterated water, with 50-ml doses consumed daily thereafter. Saliva samples were collected throughout to determine body water 2H enrichments, and muscle samples were collected from rested and exercised muscle to determine daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates. Deuterated water dosing resulted in body water 2H enrichments of approximately 0·78 (sem 0·03) %. Daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates were 13 (sem 8) (P = 0·169) and 12 (sem 4) % (P = 0·016) greater in the exercised compared with rested leg (1·59 (sem 0·12) v. 1·77 (sem 0·12) and 1·76 (sem 0·14) v. 1·93 (sem 0·12) %/d) in OMNI and VEG groups, respectively. Daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates did not differ between OMNI and VEG in either rested or exercised muscle (P > 0·05). Over the course of a 3-d intervention, omnivorous- or vegan-derived dietary protein sources can support equivalent rested and exercised daily myofibrillar protein synthesis rates in healthy older adults consuming a high-protein diet.

中文翻译：

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与老年人的等氮杂食饮食相比，基于菌蛋白的高蛋白纯素饮食支持同等的每日肌原纤维蛋白合成率：一项随机对照试验


动物源性膳食蛋白质的摄入和体力活动可刺激老年人的肌原纤维蛋白质合成率。我们确定非动物源性饮食是否可以像杂食性饮食一样支持每日肌原纤维蛋白合成率。 19 名健康老年人（年龄 66 (sem 1) 岁；BMI 24 (sem 1) kg/m2；12 名男性，7 名女性）参加了一项随机、平行组对照试验，在此期间他们服用了 3 d 等能量高剂量-蛋白质（每天 1·8 g/kg 体重）饮食，其中蛋白质主要来自（71%）动物（OMNI；n 9；六名男性，三名女性）或完全纯素食（VEG；n 10；六名）男性，四名女性；真菌蛋白提供每日蛋白质摄入量的 57%）来源。在饮食控制期间，参与者每天进行一次单侧阻力式腿部伸展运动。在饮食控制期之前，参与者摄入 400 毫升氘化水，此后每天摄入 50 毫升剂量。全程收集唾液样本以确定体内水分 2H 富集度，并从休息和运动的肌肉中收集肌肉样本以确定每日肌原纤维蛋白合成率。氘水剂量导致体内水 2H 富集约 0·78 (sem 0·03) %。与休息腿相比，运动腿的每日肌原纤维蛋白合成率分别高 13 (sem 8) (P = 0·169) 和 12 (sem 4) % (P = 0·016) (1·59 (sem 0·12) v. 1·77 (sem 0·12) 和 1·76 (sem 0·14) v. 1·93 (sem 0·12) %/d) 在 OMNI 和 VEG 组中分别。在休息或运动的肌肉中，OMNI 和 VEG 的每日肌原纤维蛋白合成率没有差异 (P > 0·05)。 在 3 天的干预过程中，杂食性或纯素食来源的膳食蛋白质来源可以支持摄入高蛋白饮食的健康老年人在休息和锻炼时的等效每日肌原纤维蛋白质合成率。