The Yellow Cardinal Gubernatrix cristata is an ‘Endangered’ passerine from southern South America. For the past three years a management plan for Yellow Cardinals has been implemented in Argentina, in which rescued individuals from the illegal cage bird trade were released back into suitable habitats within their population of origin. We studied the reproductive success of a mixed population of released and wild Yellow Cardinals in La Pampa province, Argentina, during the reproductive season of 2019. The population was highly parasitized by the brood parasitic Shiny Cowbird Molothrus bonariensis. The frequency of parasitism was 100% and the intensity of parasitism was 4.5 ± 3.4 (mean ± SD) eggs per parasitized nest (range 1–13). No Yellow Cardinal chicks were recruited in the monitored nests, mainly as a consequence of Shiny Cowbird parasitism. The unusually high rate of parasitism led to a poor outcome of the reintroduction programme and indicates the need to update the conservation actions that have been carried out for the Yellow Cardinal so far. Shiny Cowbird abundance varies within the distribution of Yellow Cardinals, related to habitat modification and farming activities. Thus, further research on habitat suitability and assessment of Shiny Cowbird abundance should be incorporated into future strategies for the conservation of the Yellow Cardinal.

黄色红衣主教Gubernatrix cristata是来自南美洲南部的“濒危”雀形目。在过去的三年中，阿根廷实施了一项黄雀管理计划，其中从非法笼养鸟类贸易中获救的个体被释放回其原籍种群的合适栖息地。我们在 2019 年的繁殖季节研究了阿根廷拉潘帕省放生和野生黄红雀混合种群的繁殖成功率。该种群被寄生的 Shiny Cowbird Molothrus bonariensis高度寄生. 寄生频率为 100%，寄生强度为每个寄生巢（范围 1-13）4.5 ± 3.4（平均值 ± SD）卵。没有在受监控的巢穴中招募黄红衣主教小鸡，这主要是由于 Shiny Cowbird 寄生。异常高的寄生率导致重新引入计划的结果不佳，并表明需要更新迄今为止为黄红衣主教开展的保护行动。与栖息地改造和农业活动有关的黄色红雀分布范围内，闪亮的牛鸟的丰度有所不同。因此，对栖息地适宜性和闪亮牛鸟丰度评估的进一步研究应纳入黄红雀保护的未来战略。