ABSTRACT

1. Stocking density is an issue for poultry production. High stocking density can impact biochemical parameters, production, and reproductive performance; however, information regarding the effects of stocking density on serum metabolites in geese is limited.

2. Twenty-day-old, Sanhua male geese (n = 240) were allocated to one of two experimental groups for 50 days. One group was housed under a low stocking density (LSD; two birds per m²) and one under a high stocking density (HSD; five birds per m²). Body weight and feed intake were recorded every 10 d. Eight serum samples per group were used for metabonomic analysis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

3. Stocking density did not affect the spleen, liver, thymus, or bursa of Fabricius weights after 50 d. Feed intake and body weight was significantly lower in geese from the HSD group versus the LSD group (P < 0.05). Thirty-six differential serum metabolites were identified (P < 0.05), indicating altered amino acid, carbohydrate, lipid and vitamin cofactor metabolism.

4. The results demonstrated that high-density stocking impacts geese, and provides insights into the mechanisms underlying the adverse health effects associated with HSD.

抽象的

1.放养密度是家禽生产的一个问​​题。高放养密度会影响生化参数，产量和生殖能力；但是，有关饲养密度对鹅血清代谢产物影响的信息有限。

2.将二十天大的三化雄性鹅（n = 240）分配到两个实验组之一，持续50天。一组以低放养密度（LSD；每平方米²只家禽）圈养，一组以高放养密度（HSD；每平方米²只五只禽仔）圈养。每10天记录一次体重和采食量。每组八份血清样品用于通过液相色谱-质谱法进行代谢组学分析。

3.放养密度在50 d后不影响Fabusius体重的脾脏，肝脏，胸腺或法氏囊。HSD组的鹅的采食量和体重显着低于LSD组（P <0.05）。鉴定出36种差异血清代谢产物（P <0.05），表明氨基酸，碳水化合物，脂质和维生素辅助因子代谢发生变化。

4.结果表明，高密度放养会影响鹅，并为与HSD相关的不良健康影响的潜在机制提供了见识。