Abstract

The Triplaris gardneriana Wedd. seeds extract has great therapeutic potential due to numerous biological activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory, which are associated with phenolic content. Although this herbal preparation has shown many benefits, recently their toxicity profile has begun to be explored. In this present study, the toxic effects of T. gardneriana seeds ethanolic extract (EETg) on biological systems of different taxonomical groups and levels of complexity (from cell culture to lower vertebrates) were assessed, through a variety of viability and toxicological assays. It was found that EETg did not impair the Saccharomyces cerevisiae growth at the highest tested concentration (200 µg/mL), and no toxicant evidence was observed in Aedes aegypti larvae or in Drosophila melanogaster adult stage. Contrarily, the extract reduced the viability of undifferentiated Caco-2 cells (250 µg/mL, 40% of viable cells), but did not affect differentiated ones. The embryotoxicity in Danio rerio model showed a LC₅₀ of 7.41 mg/L (95% confidence interval, 4.78 − 11.49 mg/L). EETg did not show signs of toxicity in the majority of the models used, but lethality and malformations in zebrafish embryos occurred. Further analyses are needed to better understand the selective toxicity mechanism of EETg on zebrafish, as well as whether the toxic effects happen in higher vertebrates.

摘要

Triplaris gardneriana Wedd 。种子提取物具有巨大的治疗潜力，因为其具有许多与酚类物质相关的生物活性，例如抗氧化、抗菌和抗炎。尽管这种草药制剂已显示出许多益处，但最近已开始探索其毒性特征。在本研究中，T的毒性作用。通过各种活力和毒理学试验，评估了gardneriana种子乙醇提取物（EETg）对不同分类群的生物系统和复杂程度（从细胞培养到低等脊椎动物）的影响。发现 EETg 不会损害Saccharomyces cerevisiae在最高测试浓度 (200 µg/mL) 下生长，在埃及伊蚊幼虫或黑腹果蝇成虫阶段未观察到毒物证据。相反，提取物降低了未分化 Caco-2 细胞的活力（250 µg/mL，40% 的活细胞），但不影响分化细胞。Danio rerio模型中的胚胎毒性显示 LC ₅₀为 7.41 mg/L（95% 置信区间，4.78 - 11.49 mg/L）。EETg 在大多数使用的模型中没有显示出毒性迹象，但在斑马鱼胚胎中发生了致死性和畸形。需要进一步分析以更好地了解 EETg 对斑马鱼的选择性毒性机制，以及毒性作用是否发生在高等脊椎动物中。