ABSTRACT

Introduction: Clinical psychologists often treat patients with a sleep disorder. Cognitive-behavioral treatments can independently, or in combination with medical interventions, effectively improve sleep health outcomes. No studies have examined sleep education and training among practicing clinical psychologists.

Method: Actively practicing clinical psychologists were recruited through psychological associations’ e-mail listservs across the United States and Canada. Respondents (N = 200) provided information about: 1) duration and format of formal sleep education and training; 2) perceived self-efficacy to evaluate and treat sleep disorders; and 3) interest in further sleep training.

Results: Clinical psychologists reported a median of 10.0 hours of didactic sleep training (range 0–130 hours) across their training or career. Ninety-five percent reported no clinical sleep training during graduate school, internship, or post-doctoral fellowship. In terms of evaluation and treatment, 63.2% reported feeling at least “Moderately Prepared” to evaluate a patient’s sleep and 59.5% felt at least “Moderately Prepared” to treat a common sleep disorder (insomnia disorder). However, most endorsed using insomnia disorder treatment approaches inconsistent with empirically supported guidelines. The vast majority (99.3%) desired additional sleep training across a variety of delivery formats.

Discussion: Many clinical psychologists engaged in active patient care have received minimal formal sleep training. Despite this, they felt prepared to evaluate and treat sleep disorders. Their treatment recommendations were not aligned with evidence-based standards. This may result in a delay to, or absence of, effective treatment for patients, underscoring the critical need for sleep training among clinical psychologists. It is essential to improve sleep competencies for the field.

摘要

简介：临床心理学家经常治疗睡眠障碍患者。认知行为治疗可以独立或与医学干预相结合，有效改善睡眠健康结果。没有研究检查临床心理学家的睡眠教育和培训。

方法：通过美国和加拿大心理协会的电子邮件列表服务招募积极执业的临床心理学家。受访者 (N = 200) 提供了以下信息：1) 正规睡眠教育和培训的持续时间和形式；2）评估和治疗睡眠障碍的自我效能感；3) 对进一步的睡眠训练感兴趣。

结果：临床心理学家报告说，在他们的培训或职业生涯中，中位数为 10.0 小时的教学睡眠训练（范围 0-130 小时）。95% 的人报告说在研究生院、实习或博士后研究期间没有进行临床睡眠培训。在评估和治疗方面，63.2% 的人表示感觉至少“准备好”来评估患者的睡眠，59.5% 的人感觉至少“准备好”来治疗常见的睡眠障碍（失眠症）。然而，大多数支持使用与经验支持的指南不一致的失眠症治疗方法。绝大多数 (99.3%) 需要在各种交付形式中进行额外的睡眠训练。

讨论：许多从事积极病人护理的临床心理学家都接受过最低限度的正式睡眠训练。尽管如此，他们还是准备好评估和治疗睡眠障碍。他们的治疗建议与循证标准不一致。这可能会导致延迟或缺乏对患者的有效治疗，突出了临床心理学家对睡眠训练的迫切需求。提高该领域的睡眠能力至关重要。