Gut microbiota has been reported to contribute to obesity and the pathology of obesity‐related diseases but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Mucosal‐associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a unique subpopulation of T cells characterized by the expression of a semi‐invariant T cell receptor (TCR) α chain (Vα19 in mice; Vα7.2 in humans). The expansion and maturation of MAIT cells require the gut microbiota and antigen‐presenting molecule MR1, suggesting that MAIT cells may play a unique role in bridging gut microbiota, obesity, and obesity‐associated inflammation.

中文翻译：

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肥胖引起的黏膜相关不变 T 细胞减少的性别差异

据报道，肠道微生物群会导致肥胖和肥胖相关疾病的病理学，但其潜在机制在很大程度上是未知的。黏膜相关不变 T (MAIT) 细胞是一种独特的 T 细胞亚群，其特征是表达半不变 T 细胞受体 (TCR) α 链（小鼠为 Vα19；人类为 Vα7.2）。MAIT 细胞的扩增和成熟需要肠道菌群和抗原呈递分子 MR1，这表明 MAIT 细胞可能在弥合肠道菌群、肥胖和肥胖相关炎症方面发挥独特作用。