Abstract The main objective of the study was to reconstruct palaeoenvironmental changes recorded in lake and peatland sediments from the peatland located in the western part of Lublin Polesie, where no former palaeoecological research had been conducted, and to compare findings to changes reconstructed for other sites in the eastern part of this region. Climate changes were considered, as well as the effects of human impact, which intensified particularly after the Middle Ages. In recent times the trajectory of change of the Mytycze ecosystem was exceptional because in the 1960s this area was included in the Wieprz-Krzna Canal System, and then renaturated after the discontinued use of hydraulic engineering structures. This is the largest canal in Poland and runs in the immediate vicinity of the watershed supplied by two large rivers: the Bug and the Wieprz. The presented study mainly relied on the following proxies: pollen, testate amoebae and other non-pollen palynomorphs, and peat decomposition. Data from the Archaeological Picture of Poland (AZP) allowed for a detailed reconstruction of chronological changes in the palaeoenvironment. An important aspect of this study was also the first ever use of testate amoebae remains in the reconstruction of the Lublin Polesie environment. Findings from research on the Mytycze site for the first time confirmed that the beginning of the formation of the lake basin was similar to that reconstructed for all other lakes in the Lublin Polesie region investigated previously with multidisciplinary methods, and dates to the end of the late glacial of the Vistulian. The early phase of the peatland formation resulting from the shallowing of the lake was very long and lasted from the Subboreal period to the 15th century. The youngest phases with records of human impact are characterised by increased human pressure (intensified cultivation of cereals, buckwheat, legumes and brassica crops) after the Wieprz-Krzna Canal System was put into use, and intensified grazing in the vicinity of Lake Mytycze. This phase, dated to the 1970s, is followed by a marked increase in the water level, which was probably related to the supply of water to the dammed Lake Mytycze from Wieprz-Krzna Canal via Lake Dratow. Records in the upper part of the core indicate the return of Sphagnum spp., most likely due to the cessation of the use of hydraulic engineering structures and the renaturation of the lake and peatland ecosystem, which led to the appearance of valuable species of plants and birds.

中文翻译：

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在全新世气候变化背景下自中世纪以来对卢布林波列西西部的人类影响：来自 Wieprz-Krzna 运河系统（波兰东南部）的 Mytycze 湖的记录

摘要 本研究的主要目的是重建位于 Lublin Polesie 西部泥炭地的湖泊和泥炭地沉积物中记录的古环境变化，该地区以前没有进行过古生态研究，并将结果与​​重建的其他地点的变化进行比较。该地区的东部。气候变化以及人类影响的影响被考虑在内，尤其是在中世纪之后。最近，Mytycze 生态系统的变化轨迹非常特殊，因为在 1960 年代，该地区被包括在 Wieprz-Krzna 运河系统中，然后在停止使用水利工程结构后重新恢复。这是波兰最大的运河，紧邻两条大河供应的流域：Bug 和 Wieprz。所提出的研究主要依赖于以下代理：花粉、遗嘱变形虫和其他非花粉孢粉，以及泥炭分解。来自波兰考古图片 (AZP) 的数据允许详细重建古环境的年代变化。这项研究的一个重要方面也是首次在 Lublin Polesie 环境的重建中使用了有遗嘱的变形虫遗骸。对 Mytycze 遗址的研究结果首次证实，湖盆形成的开始与之前使用多学科方法研究的 Lublin Polesie 地区所有其他湖泊重建的开始相似，并且可以追溯到晚期维斯图里亚冰川。由湖泊变浅导致的泥炭地形成的早期阶段很长，从亚北方时期一直持续到 15 世纪。有人类影响记录的最年轻阶段的特点是在 Wieprz-Krzna 运河系统投入使用后人类压力增加（谷物、荞麦、豆类和芸苔属作物的集约化种植）以及 Mytycze 湖附近的放牧强度增加。这一阶段可追溯到 1970 年代，随后水位显着上升，这可能与从 Wieprz-Krzna 运河经德拉托湖向大坝 Mytycze 湖供水有关。岩心上部的记录表明泥炭藓类的回归，很可能是由于停止使用水利工程结构以及湖泊和泥炭地生态系统的复性，