Any prescribed or self-administered therapy carries inherent risks of secondary adverse events. While the volume of treatments being administered through healthcare systems has been increasing, scientific advancements in our understanding of the mechanisms of pharmaceutical side effects and complications from procedures now allow us to reduce the risk of non-intentional damage to ocular health. This review summarizes the most common and leading causes of iatrogenic visual impairment, corneal diseases, and conditions that present in a general ophthalmologic practice, including a comprehensive analysis of their pathophysiology and recommendations for management and prophylaxis.Iatrogenic corneal diseases and conditions can arise from topical drugs, contact lens use, eye surgeries and procedures, systemic drugs, non-ophthalmological events, and cosmetic procedures. Topical and systemic drugs may disturb tear film homeostasis or result in ocular surface deposits. The use of ill-fitted contact lenses can trigger eye discomfort and poor hygiene conditions that can predispose to severe infections. Procedures to the eye may result in a variety of anatomical and functional complications that ophthalmologists should be aware of how to avoid or at least be prepared to manage if they occur. Even non-ophthalmological events such as non-invasive ventilation, radiation therapies and, immune-based conditions, or cosmetic procedures such as eyelash growth and fillers, can result in unwanted damage to the ocular surface.

任何处方或自我管理的治疗方法均具有继发性不良事件的固有风险。尽管通过医疗保健系统进行的治疗数量不断增加，但是，在我们对药物副作用和手术并发症机制的理解方面的科学进步，现在使我们能够降低对眼睛健康的非故意损害的风险。这篇综述总结了医源性视力障碍，角膜疾病和一般眼科实践中出现的最常见的主要原因，包括对其病理生理的全面分析以及对治疗和预防的建议。局部使用可引起医源性角膜疾病和状况药物，隐形眼镜的使用，眼科手术和程序，全身性药物，非眼科事件，和整容程序。局部和全身性药物可能会干扰泪膜稳态或导致眼表沉积。使用不合适的隐形眼镜会引起眼睛不适和不良的卫生条件，从而容易导致严重感染。眼部手术可能会导致多种解剖学和功能性并发症，眼科医生应了解如何避免或至少准备好应对它们。甚至非眼科事件（例如非侵入性通气，放射疗法和基于免疫的疾病）或美容程序（例如睫毛生长和填充物）也可能导致对眼表的有害损害。使用不合适的隐形眼镜会引起眼睛不适和不良的卫生条件，从而容易导致严重感染。眼部手术可能会导致多种解剖学和功能性并发症，眼科医生应了解如何避免或至少准备好应对它们。甚至非眼科事件（例如非侵入性通气，放射疗法和基于免疫的疾病）或美容程序（例如睫毛生长和填充物）也可能导致对眼表的有害损害。使用不合适的隐形眼镜会引起眼睛不适和不良的卫生条件，从而容易导致严重感染。眼部手术可能会导致多种解剖学和功能性并发症，眼科医生应意识到如何避免或至少准备好应对它们。甚至非眼科事件（例如非侵入性通气，放射疗法和基于免疫的疾病）或美容程序（例如睫毛生长和填充物）也可能导致对眼表的有害损害。