Acrylic acid-modified starch has been achieved by grafting the starch with an acrylic acid homopolymer by using the biodegradable nonionic surfactant Lutensol-XL-100 (decaoxyethyele n-decyl ether) and ammonium persulfate as a free radical originator. After obtaining the optimized starch-based plastic thin film, a nanocomposite (NC) was created by incorporating nickel-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO@Ni NPs), which served as the control for the degradation rate of the composite plastic. The NC was characterized using FTIR, TGA, DSC, and SEM. The ZnO@Ni NPs induced an antibacterial property in the composite film with improved thermal stability and effective to control bacterial growth. The starch-grafted polyacrylic acid exhibited 23.21% biodegradability in 60 days while its NC showed 16.19% at the same time by a soil burial test. It was observed that the composite film exhibited a significant efficacy against the bacteria.

中文翻译：

---

Ni掺杂ZnO纳米颗粒对聚丙烯酸改性淀粉纳米复合材料抗菌活性和降解率的影响

丙烯酸改性淀粉是通过使用可生物降解的非离子表面活性剂 Lutensol-XL-100（十氧乙烯正癸基醚）和过硫酸铵作为自由基引发剂，将淀粉与丙烯酸均聚物接枝而实现的。在获得优化的淀粉基塑料薄膜后，通过掺入镍掺杂氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO@Ni NPs）制备纳米复合材料（NC），作为复合塑料降解速率的控制。NC 使用 FTIR、TGA、DSC 和 SEM 进行表征。ZnO@Ni NPs 在复合膜中诱导抗菌性能，具有改善的热稳定性和有效控制细菌生长。通过土埋试验，淀粉接枝的聚丙烯酸在 60 天内表现出 23.21% 的生物降解性，而同时其 NC 显示出 16.19%。