Studies of political attitudes and ideologies have sought to explain their origin. They have been assumed to be a result of political values ingrained during the process of socialization until early adulthood, as well as personal political experience, party affiliation, social strata, etc. As a consequence of these environment-dominated explanations, most biology-based accounts of political preference have never been considered. However, in the light of evidence accumulated in recent years, the view that political attitudes are detached from any physical properties became unsustainable. In this paper, we investigate the origins of social justice attitudes, with special focus on economic egalitarianism and its potential genetic basis. We use Minnesota Twin Study data from 2008, collected from samples of monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs (n = 573) in order to estimate the additive genetic, shared environmental, and unique environmental components of social justice attitudes. Our results show that the large portion of the variance in a four-item economic egalitarianism scale can be attributed to genetic factor. At the same time, shared environment, as a socializing factor, has no significant effect. The effect of environment seems to be fully reserved for unique personal experience. Our findings further problematize a long-standing view that social justice attitudes are dominantly determined by socialization.

中文翻译：

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经济平等主义的遗传基础

对政治态度和意识形态的研究试图解释其起源。人们认为它们是社会化过程中直至成年初期根深蒂固的政治价值观以及个人政治经验，政党归属，社会阶层等的结果。由于这些以环境为主导的解释，大多数基于生物学的解释从未考虑过政治偏爱的说法。但是，根据近年来积累的证据，将政治态度与任何物质属性脱节的观点变得不可持续。在本文中，我们研究了社会正义态度的起源，特别关注经济平均主义及其潜在的遗传基础。我们使用2008年从明尼苏达州进行的双生子研究数据，这些数据是从单卵双生子和双卵双生子对的样本中收集的（n  = 573），以估算社会正义态度的累加遗传，共享环境和独特的环境成分。我们的结果表明，四项经济均等主义规模中的很大一部分方差可以归因于遗传因素。同时，作为社会化因素的共享环境没有显着影响。环境的影响似乎完全保留给独特的个人体验。我们的发现进一步质疑了一个长期存在的观点，即社会公正态度主要由社会化决定。