Abstract

The key premise of the social identity theory of leadership, that group prototypical leaders are more favorably evaluated than less prototypical leaders, is supported by twenty years of research. To establish overall how much variance in leader evaluation is attributable to leader prototypicality we conducted a meta-analysis of 35 independent studies (N = 6678). Prototypicality accounted for 24% of variance in leader evaluation. There was a large overall effect (r = .49), which was moderated by research method and type of evaluation. The relationship was stronger in correlational studies (r = .60) than experiments (r = .35), and on measures of leader trust (r = .63) than effectiveness (r = .43). Theoretical implications and future directions are discussed.

摘要

领导力的社会认同理论的关键前提是，对小组原型领导者的评价要比对原型领导者的评价要低，这受到二十年研究的支持。为了确定领导者评估中总体上有多少差异可归因于领导者的原型，我们进行了35项独立研究（N  = 6678）的荟萃分析。原型评价占领导者评估方差的24％。总体效果较大（r  = 0.49），这受到研究方法和评估类型的影响。在相关研究中（r  = .60），该关系比实验更强（r  = .35），在领导者信任度的度量（r  = .63）上，关系比有效性（r = .43）。讨论了理论意义和未来方向。