The internalization of the Strong Black Woman (SBW) schema is associated with negative psychological outcomes. However, not much is known about the mechanisms through which this schema leads to poor health. We examined the direct associations between the SBW schema and depression, anxiety, and loneliness. We also tested four mediators—maladaptive perfectionism, self-compassion, and two Africultural coping strategies of collective coping and spiritual coping—between the schema and psychological outcomes. Moreover, we examined serial mediation effects. A total of 222 African American women participated in an online survey. Structural equation modeling was conducted, and after controlling for age, family income, and level of education, the direct associations were supported, and the mediator roles of maladaptive perfectionism, self-compassion, and collective coping but not spiritual coping were supported. For serial mediation effects, the SBW schema was first positively associated with maladaptive perfectionism, which was associated with low self-compassion and low use of collective coping, which in turn were correlated with negative psychological outcomes. Racial, economic, and structural inequalities that maintain the SBW schema need to be examined and removed. Clinical interventions should focus on reducing maladaptive perfectionism and increasing self-compassion and collective coping among those who have internalized the schema. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ’s website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684319883198

中文翻译：

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坚强的黑人女性被误解的模式：探索非裔美国女性的心理健康后果和应对反应

坚强的黑人女性 (SBW) 模式的内化与消极的心理结果有关。然而，人们对这种模式导致健康状况不佳的机制知之甚少。我们研究了 SBW 模式与抑郁、焦虑和孤独之间的直接关联。我们还测试了四种中介因素——适应不良的完美主义、自我同情和两种集体应对和精神应对的非洲应对策略——在图式和心理结果之间。此外，我们检查了连续中介效应。共有 222 名非裔美国女性参与了一项在线调查。进行结构方程建模，在控制年龄、家庭收入和教育水平后，支持直接关联，适应不良完美主义、自我同情、支持集体应对，但不支持精神应对。对于序列中介效应，SBW 模式首先与适应不良的完美主义呈正相关，后者与自我同情心低和集体应对的低使用相关，而后者又与负面心理结果相关。需要检查和消除维持 SBW 模式的种族、经济和结构不平等。临床干预措施应侧重于减少适应不良的完美主义，并在已经内化了图式的人中增加自我同情和集体应对。希望使用本文进行教学的教师的在线幻灯片可在 PWQ 的网站上找到：http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684319883198 SBW 模式首先与适应不良的完美主义呈正相关，后者与自我同情心低和集体应对的使用率低有关，而后者又与负面心理结果相关。需要检查和消除维持 SBW 模式的种族、经济和结构不平等。临床干预措施应侧重于减少适应不良的完美主义，并在已经内化了图式的人中增加自我同情和集体应对。希望使用本文进行教学的教师的在线幻灯片可在 PWQ 的网站上找到：http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684319883198 SBW 模式首先与适应不良的完美主义呈正相关，后者与自我同情心低和集体应对的使用率低有关，而后者又与负面心理结果相关。需要检查和消除维持 SBW 模式的种族、经济和结构不平等。临床干预措施应侧重于减少适应不良的完美主义，并在已经内化了图式的人中增加自我同情和集体应对。希望使用本文进行教学的教师的在线幻灯片可在 PWQ 的网站上找到：http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684319883198 这反过来又与消极的心理结果相关。需要检查和消除维持 SBW 模式的种族、经济和结构不平等。临床干预措施应侧重于减少适应不良的完美主义，并在已经内化了图式的人中增加自我同情和集体应对。希望使用本文进行教学的教师的在线幻灯片可在 PWQ 的网站上找到：http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684319883198 这反过来又与消极的心理结果相关。需要检查和消除维持 SBW 模式的种族、经济和结构不平等。临床干预措施应侧重于减少适应不良的完美主义，并在已经内化了图式的人中增加自我同情和集体应对。希望使用本文进行教学的教师的在线幻灯片可在 PWQ 的网站上找到：http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684319883198