SYNOPSIS

Objective. To evaluate the associations among negative affect, mothers’ tolerance of her own and her child’s distress, and dysfunctional disciplinary practices. Design. In Study 1, 71 mothers of children ages 2–5 years completed concurrent measures of discipline, distress tolerance, tolerance of child distress, and parenting-specific anger. In Study 2, 91 mothers of children ages 2–5 years completed concurrent measures related to parent disciplinary behavior, distress tolerance, tolerance of child distress, and measures of trait anger and trait anxiety. Results. In both studies, anger was associated with overreactivity, and own and child distress tolerance were associated with overreactive and lax discipline. In Study 1, own and child distress tolerance evidenced differential patterns of association with discipline. Moreover, there were significant indirect effects of anger on overreactive discipline via tolerance of own distress, and of anger on lax discipline via tolerance of child distress. In the second study, trait anger and anxiety were associated with lax discipline via its association with tolerance of child distress. Conclusions. Dysfunctional discipline may serve, at least in part, as an attempt to terminate or avoid emotional distress; that is, some parents may engage in less effective discipline that works to quickly reduce overwhelming emotions perceived as intolerable. As such, incorporating distress tolerance skills into parenting interventions, with an emphasis on the type of distress tolerance (own or child), may improve outcomes for parents who find implementing learned skills challenging. Notably, the correlational and concurrent nature of this study precludes causal interpretations.

概要

目标。为了评估负面影响，母亲对自己和孩子的苦难的宽容以及功能失调的纪律做法之间的联系。设计。在研究1中，有71名2至5岁儿童的母亲完成了纪律，痛苦承受能力，儿童痛苦承受能力以及针对父母的愤怒的同时测量。在研究2中，有91名2至5岁儿童的母亲完成了与父母的纪律行为，痛苦承受能力，儿童痛苦承受能力以及性格愤怒和特质焦虑相关的措施。结果。在这两项研究中，愤怒与过度反应相关，而对自己和孩子的痛苦承受能力与过度反应和不纪律相关。在研究1中，对自己和孩子的痛苦承受能力证明了与纪律联系的不同模式。而且，愤怒通过容忍自己的痛苦对过度反应的纪律有显着的间接影响，而愤怒通过对儿童痛苦的容忍对松弛的纪律有间接影响。在第二项研究中，特质的愤怒和焦虑通过与儿童痛苦的容忍度相关联而与放松的纪律有关。结论。机能失调可能至少部分是为了终止或避免情绪困扰。也就是说，一些父母可能会采取一些效果较差的纪律，以迅速减少被认为无法忍受的压倒性情绪。因此，将苦恼容忍技能纳入父母的干预措施中，重点放在苦恼容忍类型（自己或孩子）上，可能会提高发现实施所学技能具有挑战性的父母的结局。值得注意的是，这项研究的相关性和并行性排除了因果关系。