Two complementary aspects of interpersonal entrainment – synchronization and movement coordination – are explored in North Indian classical instrumental music, in the auditory and visual domains respectively. Sensorimotor synchronization (SMS) is explored by analysing pairwise asynchronies between the event onsets of instrumental soloists and their tabla accompanists, and the variability of asynchrony by factors including tempo, dynamic level and metrical position is explored. Movement coordination is quantified using cross wavelet transform (CWT) analysis of upper body movement data, and differences in CWT Energy are investigated in relation to the metrical and cadential structures of the music. The analysis demonstrates that SMS within this corpus varies significantly with tempo, event density, peak levels and leadership. Effects of metrical position on pairwise asynchrony are small and offer little support for the hypothesis of lower variability in synchronization on strong metrical positions; a larger difference was found at cadential downbeats, which show increased melody lead. Movement coordination is greater at metrical boundaries than elsewhere, and most strikingly is greater at cadential than at other metrical downbeats. The implications of these findings for understanding performer coordination are discussed in relation to ethnographic research on the genre.

中文翻译：

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印度器乐演奏中的人际交往：同步和运动协调与节奏，动力学，音调和节奏结构有关

在北印度古典器乐中，分别在听觉和视觉领域探索了人际交往的两个互补方面：同步和动作协调。通过分析器乐独奏者及其tabla伴奏者的事件发作之间的成对异步来探索感觉运动同步（SMS），并探讨由速度，动态水平和音调位置等因素引起的异步变化。使用上身运动数据的交叉小波变换（CWT）分析来量化运动协调，并研究CWT能量与音乐的音调和节奏结构之间的差异。分析表明，该语料库中的SMS随节奏，事件密度，峰值水平和领导力而显着变化。度量位置对成对异步的影响很小，并且对于强度量位置上的同步性较低变异性的假设提供了很少的支持。在踏频拍子上发现较大的差异，这表明旋律音调增加。在度量边界处的运动协调性比其他任何地方都大，而在节奏中，运动协调性则比其他度量性低调处更大。这些发现对理解表演者协调性的意义，在民族志研究中被讨论。在度量边界处的运动协调性比其他任何地方都大，而在节奏中，运动协调性则比其他度量性低调处更大。这些发现对理解表演者协调性的意义，在民族志研究中被讨论。在度量边界处的运动协调性比其他任何地方都大，而在节奏中，运动协调性则比其他度量性低调处更大。这些发现对理解表演者协调性的意义，在民族志研究中被讨论。