A small body of research has investigated the relationship between an immoral disposition and schadenfreude. Less work has investigated the relationship between immoral behavior and schadenfreude. The aim of the present study was to separate out dispositional and behavioral attributions by both manipulation and measurement and thereby to investigate individual pathways to schadenfreude. Participants (Study 1: N = 281, Study 2: N = 271) were presented with a scenario that described a single immoral act or multiple immoral acts. The latter resulted in greater attributions to dispositional immorality. Importantly, dispositional immorality attributions were found to predict schadenfreude, but behavioral immorality attributions had no independent effect on schadenfreude. The pathways to schadenfreude were partly mediated by condemning emotions directed at the person but not by condemning emotions directed at the behavior. These findings expand our understanding of the psychological processes that underlie schadenfreude.

中文翻译：

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多重与单一的不道德行为：不道德的人比不道德的行为唤起更多的幸灾乐祸

一小部分研究调查了不道德倾向与幸灾乐祸之间的关系。较少的工作研究了不道德行为与幸灾乐祸之间的关系。本研究的目的是通过操纵和测量来区分性格和行为归因，从而研究到幸灾乐祸的个体途径。参加者（研究1：N  = 281，研究2：N （= 271）展示了描述单个不道德行为或多个不道德行为的场景。后者导致了性格不道德的更多归因。重要的是，发现性格不道德归因可以预测幸灾乐祸，但行为不道德归因对幸灾乐祸没有独立影响。schadenfreude的传播途径部分是通过谴责针对人的情感来实现的，而不是通过谴责针对行为的情感来实现的。这些发现扩大了我们对schadenfreude背后心理过程的理解。