ABSTRACT

Despite growing interest in genetic and psychosocial indicators of heightened susceptibility to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a predictive model, which explains why some individuals develop PTSD in response to life-threatening traumatic events, while others, when faced with the same or similar experiences, do not, has thus far remained out of reach. In this paper, we review the literature on gene–environment interactions in β-endorphin system functioning with regard to PTSD and suggest that variation, both genetic and with regard to environmental stimuli, in systems which, like the β-endorphin system, distort human perception of life-threatening traumatic experiences may account for some of the variance in resilience to the disorder. Given the role of β-endorphin in both social connections and physical exercise, this becomes especially relevant with regard to military selection, training, and leadership processes.

 抽象的

尽管人们对创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 易感性增加的遗传和心理社会指标越来越感兴趣，但有一个预测模型可以解释为什么有些人在面对危及生命的创伤事件时会出现 PTSD，而另一些人则在面临相同或相似的经历时出现 PTSD ，不，迄今为止仍然遥不可及。在本文中，我们回顾了关于 β-内啡肽系统在 PTSD 方面发挥作用的基因-环境相互作用的文献，并提出，在像 β-内啡肽系统这样的系统中，基因和环境刺激方面的变异会扭曲人类的行为。对危及生命的创伤经历的认知可能是对这种疾病的恢复力差异的部分原因。鉴于 β-内啡肽在社会关系和体育锻炼中的作用，这与军事选拔、训练和领导过程尤其相关。