To what extent stereotypical deceptive behaviours such as gaze aversion and fidgeting actually influence people's credibility judgements remain largely unknown. In this study, we directly manipulated the presence/absence of such behaviours to investigate this. Participants were shown four truthful videos in which we manipulated the presence of stereotypical cues and asked them to judge how credible the person in each video is. Moreover, research consistently shows that decision making is influenced by various cognitive biases. One example is the primacy effect, which implies that people form an opinion early in the decision process. Information acquired early will have the largest influence on how subsequent information will be interpreted. To investigate a possible primacy effect, we also manipulated whether these cues were present towards the beginning or the end of the video (i.e. the timing of the manipulation). In line with our expectations, the presence of stereotypical cues significantly lowered the observed credibility, showing that the presence of these cues indeed influences credibility judgements. The timing of the cues had no effect.

中文翻译：

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刻板印象的行为提示（而不是顺序）会影响信誉判断

在何种程度上定型的欺骗行为，例如注视厌恶和烦躁不安实际上在多大程度上影响人们的信誉判断，仍然是未知之数。在这项研究中，我们直接操纵了此类行为的存在/不存在进行了调查。向参与者展示了四个真实的视频，我们在其中操纵了刻板印象的提示，并要求他们判断每个视频中的人的可信度。此外，研究始终表明，决策受到各种认知偏差的影响。首要效应就是一个例子，它意味着人们在决策过程的早期就形成了意见。早期获取的信息将对如何解释后续信息产生最大的影响。为了调查可能的首要效应，我们还操纵了这些提示是在视频的开头还是结尾出现的（即操纵的时间）。符合我们的预期，刻板印象的出现会大大降低观察到的可信度，表明这些暗示的存在确实会影响可信度的判断。提示的时间没有影响。