Moral and immoral actions often involve multiple individuals who play different roles in bringing about the outcome. For example, one agent may deliberate and decide what to do while another may plan and implement that decision. We suggest that the Mindset Theory of Action Phases provides a useful lens through which to understand these cases and the implications that these different roles, which correspond to different mindsets, have for judgments of moral responsibility. In Experiment 1, participants learned about a disastrous oil spill in which one company made decisions about a faulty oil rig, and another installed that rig. Participants judged the company who made decisions as more responsible than the company who implemented them. In Experiment 2 and a direct replication, we tested whether people judge implementers to be morally responsible at all. We examined a known asymmetry in blame and praise. Moral agents received blame for actions that resulted in a bad outcome but not praise for the same action that resulted in a good outcome. We found this asymmetry for deciders but not implementers, an indication that implementers were judged through a moral lens to a lesser extent than deciders. Implications for allocating moral responsibility across multiple agents are discussed.

道德和不道德行为通常涉及多个人，他们在实现结果中扮演着不同的角色。例如，一个代理可以考虑并决定要做什么，而另一个可以计划和实施该决定。我们建议行动阶段心态理论为理解这些案例以及对应于不同心态的这些不同角色对于道德责任的判断带来的影响提供一个有用的视角。在实验1中，与会人员了解了一场灾难性的溢油事故，其中一家公司对故障的石油钻机做出了决策，而另一家公司则安装了该石油钻机。参与者认为做出决定的公司要比执行决定的公司负责。在实验2和直接复制中，我们测试了人们是否判断实施者是否完全负有道德责任。我们在责备和称赞中考察了一个已知的不对称现象。道德行为者对导致不良结果的行为负责，但对导致良好结果的相同行为不予赞扬。我们发现决策者而不是实施者具有这种不对称性，这表明实施者是从道德角度对决策者的判断程度低于决策者的。讨论了在多个主体之间分配道德责任的含义。表明从道德角度对实施者的判断比对决策者的判断程度低。讨论了在多个主体之间分配道德责任的含义。表明从道德角度对执行者的判断程度比对决策者的判断程度低。讨论了在多个主体之间分配道德责任的含义。