Emerging research suggests that people infer that common behaviors are moral and vice versa. We investigated the role of group membership in these inferences regarding commonality and morality. In Study 1, participants expected a target character to infer that behaviors that were common among their ingroup were particularly moral. However, the extent to which behaviors were common among the target character's outgroup did not influence expectations about morality. Study 2 reversed this test, finding that participants expected a target character to infer that behaviors considered moral among their ingroup were particularly common, regardless of how moral their outgroup perceived those behaviors to be. While Studies 1–2 relied on fictitious behaviors performed by novel groups, Studies 3–4 generalized these results to health behaviors performed by members of different racial groups. When answering from another person's perspective (Study 3) and from their own perspective (Study 4), participants reported that the more common behaviors were among their ingroup, the more moral those behaviors were. This effect was significantly weaker for perceptions regarding outgroup norms, although outgroup norms did exert some effect in this real-world context. Taken together, these results highlight the complex integration of ingroup and outgroup norms in socio-moral cognition.

新兴的研究表明，人们推断出共同的行为是道德的，反之亦然。我们研究了团体成员身份在有关公共性和道德性的这些推论中的作用。在研究1中，参与者期望目标人物能够推断出他们的同组人中普遍存在的行为特别道德。但是，在目标角色的外来群体中常见的行为程度并没有影响对道德的期望。研究2颠倒了这个测试，发现参与者期望一个目标角色来推断在他们的小组中被认为是道德的行为是特别普遍的，而不论他们的外在群体如何道德地认为这些行为是。虽然研究1-2依靠的是小说团体的虚构行为，研究3-4将这些结果概括为不同种族群体成员的健康行为。从他人的角度（研究3）和从自己的角度（研究4）进行回答时，参与者报告说，他们的群体中越常见的行为，则这些行为越道德。尽管在现实世界中确实有一些外联规范，但对于外联规范的看法，这种影响明显较弱。综上所述，这些结果突出了社会道德认知中内外规范的复杂整合。尽管在现实世界中确实有一些外联规范，但对于外联规范的看法，这种影响明显较弱。综上所述，这些结果突出了社会道德认知中内外规范的复杂整合。尽管在现实世界中，外联规范确实起到了一定作用，但对于外联规范的看法，这种影响明显较弱。综上所述，这些结果突出了社会道德认知中内外规范的复杂整合。