The current study is the first substantial investigation to determine whether tinnitus perception mediates the relationship between physiological and psychological problems (PP). Simple random sampling, with a cross-sectional design, was used to collect data from 100 adult patients (males = 60; females = 40) diagnosed with chronic tinnitus. Subjects were approached through various public and private hospitals, at their respective Audiology and Ear, Nose, and Throat departments in Rawalpindi and Lahore, Pakistan. Participants underwent complete physiological and psychological tinnitus evaluations, such as tinnitus matching and audiometry, as well as assessments using standardized tinnitus instruments. The mediation analyses revealed an indirect relationship with hearing loss (HL) and PP (e.g., anxiety, stress, depression, mood swings) in tinnitus patients. These findings suggest that physiological problems such as tinnitus and HL might contribute to the development of psychological symptoms.

中文翻译：

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耳鸣知觉介导患者生理和心理问题之间的关系

当前的研究是确定耳鸣感知是否介导生理和心理问题（PP）之间关系的第一项实质性研究。简单的随机抽样，采用横断面设计，收集了100名诊断为慢性耳鸣的成年患者（男性= 60；女性= 40）的数据。通过位于巴基斯坦拉瓦尔品第和拉合尔的听觉，耳，鼻和喉科的各个公立和私立医院与受试者接触。参加者进行了完整的生理和心理性耳鸣评估，例如耳鸣匹配和听力测定，以及使用标准耳鸣仪器进行的评估。中介分析显示与听力损失（HL）和PP有间接关系（例如，焦虑，压力，抑郁，耳鸣患者的情绪波动）。这些发现表明，诸如耳鸣和HL之类的生理问题可能有助于心理症状的发展。