Measures of personality have been shown to predict employee satisfaction at work and in life, but these findings arise mostly from research conducted in national cultures of Anglo heritage. To broaden the generality of such findings, we explore the relationships between Big Five dimensions of personality and satisfaction with life across representative samples of 13,265 employed persons in 18 nations. We argue that the strength of relationships between these personality dimensions and life satisfaction will be moderated by a national economic culture characterized by wealth and by competitiveness, since employees derive their satisfaction with life from the personality qualities especially valued in such economic systems. Using data from the World Values Survey and its Wave 6 short-form measure of the Big Five, we find that the dimensions of agreeableness, conscientiousness, and emotional stability predict higher life satisfaction pan-nationally for employed persons. Cross-level moderation effects were found: national wealth enhances the linkage of conscientiousness and emotional stability to life satisfaction; agreeableness links to life satisfaction in wealthier but not in poorer nations; extroversion predicts life satisfaction in more competitive nations but not in less competitive nations. To explain this variability in the relationships of Big Five personality dimensions with the life satisfaction of employed persons, we reason that the national cultures of wealth and of competitiveness surrounding working life establish an incentive context within which enactments of these personality dispositions will generate greater social and personal rewards from the experience of work, yielding higher levels of life satisfaction among employed persons.

中文翻译：

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国民经济体系的财富和竞争力适度地影响了18个国家就业者对生活满意度的五个主要方面

已经显示出人格测度可以预测员工在工作和生活中的满意度，但是这些发现主要来自对盎格鲁传统文化的研究。为了扩大这些发现的普遍性，我们在18个国家的13265名受雇人员的代表性样本中探讨了人格与生活满意度的五个大维度之间的关系。我们认为，这些个性维度与生活满意度之间的关系强度将被以财富和竞争力为特征的国民经济文化所削弱，因为员工对生活的满意度来自于这种经济体系中特别重视的人格特质。利用《世界价值调查》中的数据以及第六次世界大战的第六次简短评估，我们发现，顺从性，尽责性和情绪稳定性的维度预示着全国范围内更高的生活满意度。发现了跨层次的节制效应：国民财富增强了尽责和情绪稳定与生活满意度之间的联系；和可亲与较富裕国家的生活满意度联系在一起，而在较贫穷国家却不然；外向性预测生活水平较高的国家，但生活水平较低的国家，其生活满意度较高。为了解释大五人格维度与受雇人的生活满意度之间的这种差异，