The present study investigated Beck’s cognitive diathesis-stress theory (1967, 1987) for the prediction of emotional and behavioral problems in childhood. The study included 218 participants aged 10 to 16 years (M = 12.38, SD = 1.16) who underwent two evaluations with an interval of 8.4 months between them. In the first evaluation, sample was divided according to the participants’ cognitive vulnerability (vulnerable, moderate, resilient) and in the second, by their experience of stressful events in recent months (low risk, moderate risk, high risk). The groups were compared by variation in the intensity of the symptoms over time. Results showed that high-risk cognitively vulnerable children had increased externalizing symptoms and children with moderate and high cognitive vulnerability had increased internalizing symptoms at Time 2. These results suggest the importance of considering dysfunctional cognitions and the existence of a certain level of stressful events for the development of psychopathology in childhood.

中文翻译：

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儿童和青少年情绪和行为问题的认知脆弱性和压力：一项纵向研究

本研究调查了贝克的认知素质-压力理论（1967，1987），以预测儿童的情绪和行为问题。该研究纳入了218位年龄在10至16岁（M = 12.38，SD = 1.16）的参与者，他们接受了两次评估，彼此之间的间隔为8.4个月。在第一项评估中，根据参与者的认知脆弱性（脆弱，中度，有弹性）对样本进行了划分；在第二项评估中，根据他们最近几个月的压力事件经历（低风险，中度风险，高风险）对样本进行了划分。通过随时间推移症状强度的变化比较各组。结果显示，高风险的认知脆弱儿童的外在症状增加，而中度和高度认知脆弱的儿童在时间2时的内在症状增加。