ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to explore whether the modulation effects of attentional biases toward time information representing immediate rewards and delayed rewards differ between individuals with high and low trait self-control. Forty participants with high trait self-control and 40 with low trait self-control were selected based on their responses to the Chinese version of the self-control scale, and they were asked to complete an intertemporal choice task and dot probe task first and then a cue-target task a week later. The results showed that the participants with low trait self-control were more likely to choose immediate rewards than participants with high trait self-control. Furthermore, facilitated attention and difficulty in attention disengagement toward present-related words were found among participants with low trait self-control with higher frequency than among those with high trait self-control. Finally, facilitated attention toward present-related words moderated the indifference points among the participants with low trait self-control.

摘要

本研究旨在探讨注意偏向对表示即时奖励和延迟奖励的时间信息的调节作用在具有高和低特质自我控制的个体之间是否有所不同。根据他们对中文自我控制量表的回答，选择了40位具有较高特质自我控制能力的参与者和40位具有较低特质自我控制能力的参与者，并要求他们先完成一项跨期选择任务，然后再进行点调查任务。一周后完成提示目标任务。结果表明，与特质自我控制能力低的参与者相比，特质自我控制能力低的参与者更有可能选择即时奖励。此外，与那些具有较高自我控制能力的人相比，具有较低自我控制能力的人频率更高，而与当前相关单词的注意力却难以集中。最后，对当前相关单词的便利注意减轻了自我控制能力低的参与者的冷漠点。