ABSTRACT

Eye movement monitoring was used to explore the time course of orthographic learning in adult skilled readers while they read novel words presented in isolation one, three or five times. Offline measures of spelling-to-dictation and orthographic decision were used to measure orthographic memorisation. Further, the participants' visual attention span was estimated. Results showed better memorisation of new words' orthography with additional exposures. An exposure-by-exposure in-depth analysis of eye movements revealed an early sharper decrease for the number of fixations and most measures of processing time. Participants with a higher visual attention span showed better performance in orthographic decision and processing times. The overall findings suggest that orthographic learning occurs from the first exposure and that top-down effects from the newly acquired orthographic knowledge would facilitate processing from the second exposure. Further, time needed for bottom-up information extraction appears to be modulated by visual attention span.

摘要

成年人的熟练阅读者在阅读一，三或五次独立出现的新颖单词时，使用眼动监测来探索正交学习的时程。离线拼写和拼写决定的度量用于度量拼写记忆。此外，估计参与者的视觉注意力跨度。结果显示，对单词正字法的记忆力更好，而且具有更多的风险。对眼睛运动的逐次曝光深入分析显示，注视次数和大多数处理时间量度在早期急剧下降。视觉注意力跨度较高的参与者在正交决策和处理时间上表现出更好的表现。总体发现表明，正字法学习是从第一次曝光开始的，而新获得的正字法知识的自上而下的效果将有助于第二次曝光的处理。此外，自下而上的信息提取所需的时间似乎受到视觉注意力跨度的调节。