ABSTRACT

Faces belonging to the same category as the perceiver are better recognised than faces from different categories when tested immediately. After a delay, the same-category benefit persists and response bias becomes more liberal for other-category but not same-category faces. These effects are typically attributed to better encoding of same-category than other-category faces. To determine whether bias effects after a delay persist when immediate accuracy differences are minimised, Hispanic and Caucasian participants were given more study time for other-category than same-category faces. Memory was tested immediately and after a two-day delay. Discrimination accuracy was higher for other-category than for same-category faces during both test sessions. Bias was equivalent immediately, but after the delay, bias was more conservative for same-category than for other-category faces, especially in Caucasian participants. These results suggest that post-encoding processes differentially influence face memories from different categories, which may have implications for evaluating face memory in everyday situations.

摘要

立即进行测试时，与感知者属于同一类别的面孔要比来自不同类别的面孔更好地识别。延迟之后，相同类别的利益仍然存在，并且对于其他类别（而非相同类别的面孔）的响应偏见变得更加自由。这些效果通常归因于同类别面孔比其他类别面孔的编码效果更好。为了确定在最小化即时准确度差异时延迟后是否仍然存在偏见，与其他类别的面孔相比，西班牙裔和高加索参与者被赋予了其他类别的学习时间。立即并经过两天的延迟测试内存。在两个测试阶段中，其他类别的识别准确度均高于相同类别的面孔。偏差立即相等，但延迟后，同一类别的偏见比其他类别的面孔更为保守，尤其是在白种人参与者中。这些结果表明，后期编码过程对不同类别的面部记忆有不同的影响，这可能会影响日常情况下的面部记忆评估。