Many individuals who struggle with career decisions seek professional guidance from career counselors. However, little is known about how to ensure that career guidance sessions are of high quality. Vital factors for a successful counseling process include a positive working alliance and empathy of the counselor. This study investigates how counselors’ behaviors, measured with a behavioral coding instrument, related to positive working alliances and empathy. We introduce a video-based instrument that measures microbehaviors and skills during career counseling sessions. Psychometric analyses were conducted on the basis of 53 video recordings. Double-coded sessions (N = 18) showed excellent interrater reliabilities for the coded microbehaviors. By using a multitrait-multimethod approach, we established construct validity with another coding instrument, whereas criterion validity was established with respect to counselors’ empathy and working alliance ratings. We discuss theoretical implications of using video-based methods in career sessions to advance process research and present practical applications in terms of assessing quality assurance in career interventions.

中文翻译：

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打开职业咨询黑匣子：移情与工作联盟的行为机制

许多在职业决策中挣扎的人会寻求职业顾问的专业指导。但是，关于如何确保职业指导课程的质量知之甚少。成功的咨询过程的关键因素包括积极的工作同盟和顾问的同情心。这项研究调查了用行为编码工具衡量的辅导员的行为与积极的工作同盟和同理心之间的关系。我们介绍了一种基于视频的工具，可以在职业咨询会期间测量微行为和技能。根据53个视频记录进行了心理测量分析。双编码会话（N = 18）对编码的微行为显示出极好的间质可靠性。通过使用多特征多方法方法，我们用另一种编码工具建立了结构效度，而在顾问的同理心和工作联盟等级方面建立了标准效度。我们讨论在职业会议上使用基于视频的方法来推进过程研究的理论意义，并就评估职业干预中的质量保证方面提出实际应用。