ABSTRACT

Adaptive regulation of emotions is imperative for successful sport performance. However, the lion’s share of mainstream emotion regulation (ER) literature is founded on perspectives prioritising mental health, not performance. Consequently, ER strategies are predominantly classified as adaptive or maladaptive based on effectiveness in achieving targeted mental health outcomes. These conventional mental health classifications can catalyse misapplication of ER strategies within sport and other motor performance contexts when (1) ER motives are instrumentally directed towards performance enhancement and (2) Minimal consideration is given to the consequences of ER on the coordination and execution of motor actions. Herein, we review the current state of relevant ER research within and outside of sport contexts. We also present a novel conceptual framework, the Temporal Influence Model of Emotion Regulation (TIMER). TIMER proposes that ER strategies exert distinct, temporally dependent demands upon perceptual-cognitive and motoric resources. These unique regulatory profiles influence subsequent motor performance outcomes. Critically, the degree to which regulatory strategies are appropriate or ideal varies given environmental constraints along with performers’ affective and performance goals. The model includes testable hypotheses to guide theoretical and applied research in the domain of ER within sport and other motor performance contexts.

摘要

情绪的自适应调节对于成功的运动表现至关重要。但是，主流情绪调节（ER）文献中的绝大部分都是基于优先考虑心理健康而非表现的观点。因此，根据实现目标性心理健康结果的有效性，急诊室策略主要分为适应性或适应不良性。这些常规的心理健康分类可在以下情况下促进在运动和其他运动表现背景下错误地应用ER策略：（1）ER动机在工具上旨在提高绩效；（2）最低限度地考虑了ER对协调和执行运动的影响动作。在本文中，我们回顾了体育环境内外相关ER研究的现状。我们还提出了一个新颖的概念框架，即情绪调节的时间影响模型（TIMER）。TIMER提出，ER策略对知觉-认知和运动资源施加与时间相关的独特需求。这些独特的法规概况会影响随后的运动表现。至关重要的是，鉴于环境限制以及表演者的情感和表演目标，监管策略的适当或理想程度会有所不同。该模型包括可检验的假设，以指导运动和其他运动表现背景下的ER领域的理论和应用研究。这些独特的法规概况会影响随后的运动表现。至关重要的是，鉴于环境限制以及表演者的情感和表演目标，监管策略的适当或理想程度会有所不同。该模型包括可检验的假设，以指导运动和其他运动表现背景下的ER领域的理论和应用研究。这些独特的法规概况会影响随后的运动表现。至关重要的是，鉴于环境限制以及表演者的情感和表演目标，监管策略的适当或理想程度会有所不同。该模型包括可检验的假设，以指导运动和其他运动表现背景下的ER领域的理论和应用研究。