Early adverse experiences can hold lasting influence on later life outcomes, particularly during formative developmental periods such as adolescence. The current study evaluates the impact of different kinds of adolescent trauma on later sense of purpose in adulthood, using data from the Hawaii Longitudinal Study of Personality and Health. Participants (n = 545) retrospectively reported three kinds of trauma during adolescence: (1) non-betrayal trauma, such as a natural disaster; (2) low betrayal trauma, such as being abused by a stranger; and (3) high betrayal trauma, such as being abused by a relative. At a later assessment, participants (Mage = 60.15, SD = 1.96) reported their sense of purpose. Trauma scores were uncorrelated with sense of purpose for the overall sample. However, the associations differed when comparing two of the largest cultural groups in the sample, Japanese Americans and Native Hawaiians. For participants who identified as Japanese American, trauma scores held a negative association with later sense of purpose across multiple measures. Results are discussed with respect to how early life experiences differentially impact purpose development across individuals.

中文翻译：

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青春期创伤与成年中后期目标感之间的关联


早期的不良经历会对以后的生活产生持久的影响，特别是在青春期等形成期。目前的研究利用夏威夷人格与健康纵向研究的数据，评估了不同类型的青少年创伤对成年后目标感的影响。参与者（n = 545）回顾性地报告了青春期期间的三种创伤：（1）非背叛创伤，例如自然灾害； (2) 较低的背叛创伤，例如被陌生人虐待； (3) 高度背叛创伤，例如被亲戚虐待。在后来的评估中，参与者（Mage = 60.15，SD = 1.96）报告了他们的使命感。创伤评分与总体样本的目的感不相关。然而，在比较样本中两个最大的文化群体——日裔美国人和夏威夷原住民时，这些关联有所不同。对于日裔美国人的参与者来说，创伤分数与后来的多项指标中的目标感呈负相关。结果讨论了早期生活经历如何对个体的目标发展产生不同的影响。