ABSTRACT

The mnemic neglect model predicts and accounts for selective memory for social feedback as a function of various feedback properties. At the heart of the model is the mnemic neglect effect (MNE), defined as inferior recall for self-threatening feedback compared to other kinds of feedback. The effect emerges both in mundane realism and minimal feedback settings. The effect is presumed to occur in the service of self-protection motivation. Mnemic neglect is pronounced when the feedback poses high levels of self-threat (i.e., can detect accurately one’s weakness), but is lost when self-threat is averted via a self-affirmation manipulation. Mnemic neglect is caused by self-threatening feedback being processed shallowly and in ways that separate it from stored (positive) self-knowledge. The emergence of mnemic neglect is qualified by situational moderators (extent to which one considers their self-conceptions modifiable, receives feedback from a close source, or is primed with improvement-related constructs) and individual differences moderators (anxiety, dysphoria, or defensive pessimism). Finally, the MNE is present in recall, but absent in recognition. Output interference cannot explain this disparity in results, but an inhibitory repression account (e.g., experiential avoidance) can: Repressors show enhanced mnemic neglect. The findings advance research on memory, motivation, and the self.

摘要

忽视性模型会根据各种反馈属性预测和解释社会反馈的选择性记忆。该模型的核心是记忆忽略效应（MNE），其定义为与其他类型的反馈相比，自威胁反馈的回想性差。在平凡的现实和最小的反馈设置中都会出现这种效果。据推测，这种作用是出于自我保护动机而发生的。当反馈带来高水平的自我威胁（即可以准确检测到自己的弱点）时，就会忽略记忆，但是当通过自我确认操作避免自我威胁时，就会忽略。疏忽忽视是由于对自我威胁反馈的处理较浅，其处理方式与将其与存储的（正）自我知识区分开来。轻度忽视的出现由情境主持人（在某种程度上认为自己的自我观念可以修改，从近距离获得反馈或以与改善相关的构想为基础）和个人差异主持人（焦虑，烦躁不安或防御性悲观主义者）限定。 ）。最后，多国企业存在于召回中，但未被承认。输出干扰无法解释结果之间的差异，但是抑制性压制（例如，经验避免）可以：•压制者表现出更大的忽视性。这些发现促进了关于记忆，动机和自我的研究。或防御性悲观主义）。最后，多国企业存在于召回中，但未被承认。输出干扰无法解释结果之间的差异，但是抑制性压制（例如，经验回避）可以：压制者表现出更大的忽视性。这些发现促进了关于记忆，动机和自我的研究。或防御性悲观主义）。最后，多国企业存在于召回中，但未被承认。输出干扰无法解释结果之间的差异，但是抑制性压制（例如，经验回避）可以：压制者表现出更大的忽视性。这些发现促进了关于记忆，动机和自我的研究。