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An Adaptationist Framework for Personality Science
European Journal of Personality ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 , DOI: 10.1002/per.2292
Aaron W. Lukaszewski 1 , David M.G. Lewis 2 , Patrick K. Durkee 3 , Aaron N. Sell 4 , Daniel Sznycer 5 , David M. Buss 3
Affiliation  

The field of personality psychology aspires to construct an overarching theory of human nature and individual differences: one that specifies the psychological mechanisms that underpin both universal and variable aspects of thought, emotion, and behaviour. Here, we argue that the adaptationist toolkit of evolutionary psychology provides a powerful meta‐theory for characterizing the psychological mechanisms that give rise to within‐person, between‐person, and cross‐cultural variations. We first outline a mechanism‐centred adaptationist framework for personality science, which makes a clear ontological distinction between (i) psychological mechanisms designed to generate behavioural decisions and (ii) heuristic trait concepts that function to perceive, describe, and influence others behaviour and reputation in everyday life. We illustrate the utility of the adaptationist framework by reporting three empirical studies. Each study supports the hypothesis that the anger programme—a putative emotional adaptation—is a behaviour‐regulating mechanism whose outputs are described in the parlance of the person description factor called ‘Agreeableness’. We conclude that the most productive way forward is to build theory‐based models of specific psychological mechanisms, including their culturally evolved design features, until they constitute a comprehensive depiction of human nature and its multifaceted variations. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology

中文翻译:

适应主义的人格科学框架

人格心理学领域渴望构建一种关于人性和个体差异的总体理论:一种确定思想,情感和行为的普遍和可变方面的心理机制的理论。在这里,我们认为进化心理学的适应主义工具包提供了强大的元理论,用于描述导致人际内部,人际之间和跨文化变异的心理机制。我们首先概述一个以人为中心的以机制为中心的适应主义框架,该框架在(i)旨在产生行为决定的心理机制与(ii)能够感知,描述和影响他人行为和声誉的启发式特质概念之间进行了明确的本体论区分。在日常生活中。我们通过报告三项实证研究来说明适应主义框架的效用。每项研究都支持以下假设:愤怒程序(一种假定的情绪适应)是一种行为调节机制,其输出在称为“宜人性”的人称描述因素的表述中得以描述。我们得出结论,最有效的方法是建立基于理论的特定心理机制模型,包括它们在文化上演变的设计特征,直到它们构成对人性及其多方面变化的全面描述。©2020欧洲人格心理学协会 每项研究都支持以下假设:愤怒程序(一种假定的情绪适应)是一种行为调节机制,其输出在称为“宜人性”的人称描述因素的表述中得以描述。我们得出结论,最有效的方法是建立基于理论的特定心理机制模型,包括它们在文化上演变的设计特征,直到它们构成对人性及其多方面变化的全面描述。©2020欧洲人格心理学协会 每项研究都支持以下假设:愤怒程序(一种假定的情绪适应)是一种行为调节机制,其输出在称为“宜人性”的人称描述因素的表述中得以描述。我们得出结论,最有效的方法是建立基于理论的特定心理机制模型,包括它们在文化上演变的设计特征,直到它们构成对人性及其多方面变化的全面描述。©2020欧洲人格心理学协会 直到它们构成了人性及其多方面变化的全面描述。©2020欧洲人格心理学协会 直到它们构成了人性及其多方面变化的全面描述。©2020欧洲人格心理学协会
更新日期:2020-08-06
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