What psychological mechanisms enable people to reappraise a situation to change its emotional impact? We propose that reappraisal works by shifting appraisal outcomes—abstract representations of how a situational construal compares to goals—either by changing the construal (reconstrual) or by changing the goal set (repurposing). Instances of reappraisal can therefore be characterized as change vectors in appraisal dimensional space. Affordances for reappraisal arise from the range of mental models that could explain a situation (construal malleability) and the range of goals that the situation could serve (goal set malleability). This framework helps to expand our conception of reappraisal, assess and classify different instances of reappraisal, predict their relative effectiveness, understand their brain mechanisms, and relate them to individual differences.

中文翻译：

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重新评估重新评估

什么样的心理机制使人们能够重新评估情况以改变其情感影响？我们建议通过改变评估结果（一种情境诠释如何与目标进行比较的抽象表示）或通过更改诠释（重构）或通过更改目标集（重新制定）来进行重新评估。因此，重新评估的实例可以被描述为评估维度空间中的变化向量。重新评估的费用来自可以解释某种情况的心理模型范围（构造的可延展性）和该情况可以服务的目标范围（目标设定的可延展性）。该框架有助于扩展我们的重新评估概念，评估和分类不同的重新评估实例，预测其相对有效性，了解其大脑机制，